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The Interpretation of the P-Values

In: Statistics Applied to Clinical Trials

Author

Listed:
  • Ton J. Cleophas

    (European Interuniversity College of Pharmaceutical Medicine Lyon
    Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Department Medicine)

  • Aeilko H. Zwinderman

    (Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Department Biostatistics and Epidemiology)

  • Toine F. Cleophas

    (Technical University)

Abstract

In randomized controlled trials, prior to statistical analysis, the data are checked for outliers and erroneous data. Data-cleaning is defined as deleting-the-errors / maintaining-the-outliers. Statistical tests are, traditionally, not very good at distinguishing between errors and outliers. However, they should be able to point out main endpoint results that are closer to expectation than compatible with random sampling. E.g., a difference from control of 0.000 is hardly compatible with random sampling. As it comes to well-balanced random sampling of representative experimental data, nature will be helpful to provide researchers with results close to perfection.

Suggested Citation

  • Ton J. Cleophas & Aeilko H. Zwinderman & Toine F. Cleophas, 2006. "The Interpretation of the P-Values," Springer Books, in: Statistics Applied to Clinical Trials, chapter 0, pages 103-115, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-1-4020-4650-6_9
    DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-4650-6_9
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