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Highlights in the History of Number Theory: 1700 BC– 2008

In: Excursions in the History of Mathematics

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  • Israel Kleiner

    (York University, Department of Mathematics and Statistics)

Abstract

Number theory, the study of the properties of the positive integers, which broadened in the nineteenth century to include other types of “integers,” is one of the oldest branches of mathematics. It has fascinated both amateurs and mathematicians throughout the ages. The subject is tangible, the results are usually simple to state and to understand, and are often suggested by numerical examples. Nevertheless, they are frequently very difficult to prove. “It is just this,” said Gauss, one of the greatest mathematicians of all time, “which gives number theory that magical charm that has made it the favorite science of the greatest mathematicians.”

Suggested Citation

  • Israel Kleiner, 2012. "Highlights in the History of Number Theory: 1700 BC– 2008," Springer Books, in: Excursions in the History of Mathematics, chapter 0, pages 3-30, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-0-8176-8268-2_1
    DOI: 10.1007/978-0-8176-8268-2_1
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