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Green Transformation: Bulgaria’s Path in the Energy Transition Process

Author

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  • Paskal Zhelev

    (University of National and World Economy)

Abstract

This chapter explores Bulgaria’s green transformation within the framework of the European Green Deal, analyzing its progress, challenges, and opportunities in the energy transition process. It highlights Bulgaria’s heavy reliance on fossil fuels, particularly coal, and the socioeconomic complexities of transitioning to renewable energy. Despite gradual improvements in renewable energy adoption, Bulgaria lags behind the EU average in key indicators such as renewable energy share, energy efficiency, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. The chapter examines the structural, financial, and institutional barriers hindering Bulgaria’s green transition, including outdated energy infrastructure, limited access to EU funding, and public resistance due to high energy poverty and job losses in fossil fuel sectors. However, it also identifies significant opportunities for Bulgaria to modernize its economy through investments in renewable energy, clean tech manufacturing, and energy efficiency. The chapter discusses the potential of EU financial mechanisms, such as the Just Transition Fund and the Recovery and Resilience Facility, to support Bulgaria’s green transformation. It concludes by emphasizing the need for strategic policy reforms, public-private partnerships, and workforce reskilling to ensure a just and sustainable transition, positioning Bulgaria as a competitive player in the emerging green economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Paskal Zhelev, 2025. "Green Transformation: Bulgaria’s Path in the Energy Transition Process," Societies and Political Orders in Transition,, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:socchp:978-3-031-87923-4_13
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-87923-4_13
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