Impact of Risks on Stable and Safe Functioning of Transport and Logistics Cluster of the Transit Region

In regional commodity distribution systems, formed on the basis of transport and logistics clusters, business entities that are often united by the administrative decision of local authorities are in fact organizationally fragmented and therefore do not operate stably at a high risk of failure of the mission to service the transit material flow. Therefore, it is considered to be of vital importance to look at the scientific research problem of uncertainty and risk in complex conditions of the influence of factors of external and internal environment affecting stable and steady operation of the transport and logistics clusters, their identification, classification, evaluation of their impact on the cluster and the commodity distribution system of the region in general and development of activities aimed at reducing negative consequences of risk events. Using scientific methods of logic and system analysis, it has been found out that the risks of functioning of the transport and logistics cluster of the transit region are a complex economic phenomenon defined by the characteristics and peculiarities of the transit material flows going through the region. The authors’ definition of the risk has been given, the risks of functioning of the transport and logistics cluster of the transit region have been identified and classified, allowing identifying the origin of their nature, to explore the economic substance, and identifying possible negative consequences, which allows us to develop appropriate measures for their leveling. The synergistic nature of the influence of the risk groups on functioning of the transport and logistics cluster of the transit region has been revealed. The algorithm of the risk impact on the execution of logistics processes in the supply chain has been defined and the consequences of this influence which are in a causal relationship with the environmental factors have been defined. The scheme of risk management for the conditions of the transport and logistics cluster of the transit region has been developed according to their hierarchical structure. The most important trends have been defined and the activities have been worked out to reduce the risk of functioning of the transport and logistics cluster of the transit region. Using the method of sensitivity analysis, which encompasses a study of changes of the value of the analyzed indicator by changing the values of its constituent parameters in a given range, the risks for the logistics center of Voronezh Logistics company located on highway M-4 have been calculated, proving the theory of the structure and impact of risks on the activities of the transport and logistics cluster.