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“Small Ports, Big Pressures”: Exploring the Emerging Sustainability and Resilience Obtacles in Malaysia’s Non-Major Ports

In: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Business, Accounting, Finance and Economics (BAFE 2025)

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammad Khairuddin Othman

    (College of Law, Government and International Studies, Universiti Utara Malaysia, School of International Studies)

  • Hakim Hasnan

    (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Faculty of Maritime Studies)

  • Noor Apandi Osnin

    (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Faculty of Maritime Studies)

  • Chuah Lai Fatt

    (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Faculty of Maritime Studies)

Abstract

The Non-major ports, though smaller in capacity, play a critical role in strengthening Malaysia’s regional connectivity and sustaining trade competitiveness. Yet, their pursuit of resilience and sustainability is increasingly constrained by a complex operational, regulatory, and environmental maritime landscape. This study investigates the emerging obstacles faced by Malaysia’s non-major ports in advancing resilience and sustainability goals. Adopting a qualitative research design, expert insights were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using a hybrid thematic approach supported by the PESTLE framework. The analysis identified 18 interrelated obstacles spanning political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal dimensions. These findings reveal how governance fragmentation, financial limitations, workforce capacity gaps, digital divides, environmental vulnerabilities, and regulatory burdens collectively hinder progress toward resilient and sustainable port operations. By systematically mapping these obstacles, the study contributes to the literature on port development and offers valuable insights to policymakers, port authorities, and industry stakeholders seeking to design integrated strategies that strengthen the resilience and sustainability of Malaysia’s non major ports.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad Khairuddin Othman & Hakim Hasnan & Noor Apandi Osnin & Chuah Lai Fatt, 2025. "“Small Ports, Big Pressures”: Exploring the Emerging Sustainability and Resilience Obtacles in Malaysia’s Non-Major Ports," Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, in: Thurai Murugan Nathan & Abdelhak Senadjki & Hemaniswarri Dewi Dewadas & Siti Nur Amira Othman & Ravi (ed.), Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Business, Accounting, Finance and Economics (BAFE 2025), pages 148-162, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:advbcp:978-94-6463-968-1_13
    DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6463-968-1_13
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