Medical Resource Allocation under Public and Private Insurance Systems: A Comparative Analysis of China and the United States

This study employs a rigorous method of comparative analysis to conduct in-depth investigations of the two representative healthcare systems in China and the United States. The Chinese healthcare system is led by the government and has significant advantages. It has successfully achieved wider medical coverage, allowing many people to enjoy basic medical services. At the same time, it has shown initial results in cost control, reducing the burden of medical care on the public. However, the problem of uneven distribution of resources has become prominent, with a significant gap in medical resources between urban and rural areas, and urgent improvement in rural medical conditions. The US healthcare system, on the other hand, is characterized by market driven competition, which stimulates innovation in healthcare and drives advances in medical technology. However, high costs have become a major obstacle, and low-income groups face numerous difficulties in accessing medical services. The study also involves the impact of healthcare expenditures on economic growth and an evaluation of existing policies. Finally, suggestions were put forward to improve resource allocation efficiency, ensure financial sustainability, and draw on international best practices to balance fairness and efficiency, and achieve sustainable development of healthcare.