Unraveling the Factors Affecting Policy Capacity: A Systematic Literature Review

This paper examines the factors that affect policy capacity, building upon the widely recognized framework by Wu et al. (2018), which categorizes policy capacity into three dimensions: analytical, operational, and political, spanning individual, organizational, and systemic levels. While this framework offers a comprehensive structure, the dynamic nature of policy capacity has leaves several important factors underexplored. By conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) of recent studies, this paper identifies additional factors that significantly affect policy capacity, beyond those stated in the framework. The findings reveal that factor such as organizational culture, motivation, and creativity, often overlooked in existing frameworks, play a crucial role in shaping policy outcomes. By integrating these factors into existing frameworks, this study provides new insights into how policy capacity can be strengthened and enhanced, offering valuable implications for both theory and practice in governance. Future studies should explore and validate these findings in the real-world setting and across different governance contexts.