Economic Impacts of Traffic Congestion in Makassar City: A Data-Driven Analysis

Traffic congestion in Makassar City has become a critical issue, significantly impacting various aspects of urban life, particularly the local economy. This study aims to quantitatively assess the economic effects of traffic congestion, focusing on time loss, fuel costs, health expenses, and vehicle maintenance costs. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, utilizing primary data collected through questionnaires and interviews with 55 motorcycle users and 40 car users. Additionally, secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) supported the analysis. The findings indicate a strong positive correlation between traffic congestion and economic burdens. Time loss, increased fuel consumption, rising health-related expenses, and higher vehicle maintenance costs emerged as the primary economic consequences of congestion. These results highlight the substantial financial strain that traffic congestion places on individuals and the urban economy. The study underscores the urgent need for policy interventions and infrastructure improvements to mitigate congestion-related economic losses and enhance the overall efficiency of urban mobility in Makassar City.