The Impact of Green Economy Policies Carbon Emission Reduction: Analysis Transportation Sector (Case Study of South Sulawesi)

This study examines the impact of green economy policies on carbon emission reduction in the transportation sector of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research explores the implementation and perceived effects of key policies introduced since 2015, including the Public Transportation Enhancement Program, Green Vehicle Incentive Scheme, and Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan. Data was collected through document analysis, semi-structured interviews with 18 key stakeholders, three focus group discussions, and field observations in major cities of South Sulawesi. The findings suggest that these policies have contributed to a perceived reduction in carbon emissions, with stakeholders estimating a 15-20% decrease in transport-related emissions since implementation. Key success factors identified include strong political leadership, policy integration across sectors, and public-private partnerships. However, significant challenges remain, including financial constraints, limited technical capacity, and inadequate infrastructure for supporting green transportation. The study reveals mixed community perceptions, with appreciation for improved air quality and public transportation services, alongside concerns about the affordability of green vehicles. Emerging themes highlight the need for better policy coordination, long-term planning, and public awareness campaigns. While the perceived impact is positive, the research underscores the importance of developing robust mechanisms for quantifying emission reductions. The study concludes by recommending increased funding for green infrastructure, enhanced capacity building programs, and stronger public-private partnerships to accelerate the transition to sustainable transportation in South Sulawesi.