Review of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Skills Status: Future of the Decarbonization

The urgent necessity to mitigate climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions has driven the development of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies. As global energy systems transition toward decarbonization, CCS and CCUS play a crucial role in reducing industrial carbon emissions and enabling carbon-negative solutions. CCS focuses on capturing and securely storing CO₂, while CCUS expands this approach by utilizing captured CO₂ for various industrial applications, including enhanced oil recovery, synthetic fuel production, and chemical manufacturing. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of CCS and CCUS technologies, examining their technical advancements and economic viability. Beyond the fundamental technologies, this study extends the discussion to the integration of CCUS with renewable energy systems, including wind, solar, biomass, and hydrogen production. Furthermore, the paper explores the current status of CCUS deployment, analyzing key projects in China and other regions worldwide. Finally, the study discusses the potential of CCUS-integrated energy systems, emphasizing their role in electricity generation, hydrogen production, and carbon management. By examining these multi-energy system interactions, this research provides insights into the future pathways for CCUS adoption and its contribution to achieving global carbon neutrality goals.