Evaluation model and Measurement for Reducing Carbon Emission Considering Port Activities

This study employs a "bottom-up approach" to analyze the unique characteristics of production activities at container terminals in Shanghai Port. The activities are divided into two processes: ship docking and in-port operations. The "emission factor method" is applied, where the greenhouse gas emission coefficient is multiplied by the activity energy consumption to determine the emissions. By developing the STEAM model under specific conditions such as engine energy selection, activity time, and operation volume, the emissions of container ships in the port are quantified. Furthermore, a numerical calculation model is created to measure the emissions resulting from in-port operations at container terminals. Comparing carbon emission intensities reveals that ships in port and in-port operations contribute the highest emissions. Finally, this study proposes countermeasures to mitigate the environmental impact, including increasing the utilization rate of shore power and clean energy, optimizing loading and unloading procedures at container terminals, and transitioning from oil to gas or electricity for in-port equipment. The feasibility and rationality of these measures are thoroughly analyzed.