Big Data Analytics as a Solution to Track Carbon Emission in Smart Cities: A Systematic Literature Review

The rise of big data and smart cities has expanded from time to time. The smart cities concept also connected with big data as the key factor. The big data analytics have a chance for a starting point to reduce carbon emissions that contribute as part of climate change. Big data analytics refers generally to any huge amounts of data that may be gathered, saved, retrieved, integrated, selected, pre-processed, converted, analyzed, and interpreted in order to learn something new or extract relevant knowledge. Big data analytics, in the context of smart sustainable cities, refers to a collection of sophisticated and specialized software applications and database systems operated by devices with extremely high processing power, that can transform a significant amount of urban data into knowledge, for well-informed decision-making and enhanced insights in relation to various urban domains, such as transportation, mobility, traffic, environment, energy, land use, planning, and design. Big data analytics have potential to be used as a solution for smart and sustainable cities. The importance to every city in country to have a precision data about carbon emission is to evaluate result and make a better decision to reduce carbon emission. This research finds the integration of different and varied systems in a smart city environment is a practical challenge for emergency management. Smart cities in the next generation must be focused on this integration which provides valuable data to support emergency detection, warning and mitigation.