Implementation of Safety Procedures and Their Effect on the Safety of Ship Crews when Dealing with Enclosed Spaces

Enclosed spaces are one of the most dangerous areas on a ship because they have limited ventilation, the potential for oxygen deficiency, and the possibility of toxic or flammable gas accumulation. Accidents in enclosed spaces are often fatal and occur repeatedly due to negligence in implementing safety procedures. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the implementation of safety procedures in enclosed spaces on the KM Bung Tomo ship and assess their impact on the safety of the crew. The study was conducted using a quantitative descriptive approach through field observations, structured interviews, and questionnaires distributed to 25 crew members from various divisions, including deck officers, engineers, and operational crew. The parameters studied included the crew’s understanding of permits to work, gas testing, room ventilation, evacuation plan readiness, and the level of compliance with ISM Code provisions. The results showed that most crew members (84%) understood the importance of implementing safety procedures before entering confined spaces, but the level of consistency in implementation was still moderate (around 70%). Statistical analysis using Pearson’s correlation test showed a significant positive relationship (r = 0.78) between the implementation of safety procedures and improved work safety. These findings confirm that the higher the level of compliance with procedures, the lower the potential for workplace accidents. This study also found that supporting factors for success include safety management support, regular training, and active supervision from the Safety Officer. Conversely, the main obstacles encountered include limited gas detection equipment and a lack of natural ventilation in tank spaces. Overall, the results of this study emphasize the importance of strict safety procedure implementation, increased periodic training, and the establishment of a safety culture on board as strategic measures to reduce the risk of enclosed space accidents in the Indonesian pioneer shipping environment.