Reaping the Benefits of Brain Circulation: The Impact of the Overseas Study and the Returnees on the Development of the Management Education in China

It is human nature for people to seek the land of opportunities, where they can make a better living and reap higher rewards, and modern international migration has largely been a one-way process, in which people migrate from poor countries to rich nations. Since the mid- twentieth century, however, most developed nations have established tight policies that essentially close doors to all but a few highly edu- cated and skilled individuals. Those measures, while greatly benefiting the receiving countries, have had a profoundly adverse impact on the sending countries, a disturbing economic and human resource phe- nomenon that is widely known as “brain drain” (Todaro, 1985).