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Climate Risks and FDI

In: NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2022

Author

Listed:
  • Grace Weishi Gu
  • Galina Hale

Abstract

Climate-related risks have increased in recent decades, both in terms of the frequency of extreme weather events (physical risk) and implementation of climate-change mitigation policies (transition risk). This paper explores whether multinational firms react to such risks by altering their presence in countries that are more affected. We measure this by examining foreign direct investment (FDI) dynamics at different levels of aggregation as well as at firm level. We propose a theoretical framework for firm production location choice that explicitly incorporates transition and physical risks. The model predicts a reduction in FDI resulting from both physical and transition risks but an ambiguous interaction effect of these risks with emission productivity of the firm. In an extensive empirical analysis we find some support for model predictions, but overall we do not find consistent evidence for statistically significant effects of physical and transition risks on FDI. However, firm-level evidence suggests that firms that are more exposed to climate risks react more negatively to physical climate risk following Paris Climate Accord. We also find that FDI outflows following extreme weather events from affected countries are smaller for industries with higher emission productivity. Our theory and empirical results point to the importance of accounting for heterogeneity in emission productivity when analyzing effects of climate risks.
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Suggested Citation

  • Grace Weishi Gu & Galina Hale, 2022. "Climate Risks and FDI," NBER Chapters, in: NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2022, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberch:14802
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    Cited by:

    1. Juanma Castro-Vincenzi & Gaurav Khanna & Nicolas Morales & Nitya Pandalai-Nayar, 2024. "Weathering the Storm: Supply Chains and Climate Risk," NBER Working Papers 32218, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. repec:fip:fedrwp:98029 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Robert Reinhardt, 2022. "Shaking up Foreign Finance: FDI in a Post-Disaster World," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 22024r, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, revised Sep 2023.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • F64 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Environment

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