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Transatlantische Kooperation statt Zollkrieg: Szenarien, Optionen, Lösungsansätze

Author

Listed:
  • Christen, Elisabeth
  • Felbermayr, Gabriel
  • Mahlkow, Hendrik
  • Sandkamp, Alexander-Nikolai

Abstract

Die Handelspolitik der USA ist aktuell vor allem eines: chaotisch. Es scheint unmöglich, das Vorgehen der Trump-Regierung glaubwürdig zu prognostizieren. Doch auch in diesem durch extreme Unsicherheit geprägten Umfeld müssen sich politische und wirtschaftliche Akteure in der Europäischen Union (EU) strategisch positionieren, um auf möglichst viele Eventualitäten optimal reagieren zu können. Das gilt insbesondere für große, exportorientierte Familienunternehmen. Diese Studie trägt dazu bei, indem sie die aktuelle Situation umfassend darstellt, die gesamtwirtschaftlichen, sektoralen und regionalen Effekte unterschiedlicher Optionen quantifiziert sowie Handlungsempfehlungen ableitet. Die zentrale Erkenntnis ist, dass ein Handelskrieg zwischen der EU und den USA auf beiden Seiten hohe Schäden hervorbrächte, mit teilweise massiven Verlusten in einzelnen Regionen und Sektoren. Ein Handelsdeal hingegen wäre beiderseitig von Vorteil. Ein besonderer Mehrwert der Studie liegt in der erstmaligen detaillierten Analyse der Auswirkungen auf regionaler Ebene. Diese zeigt, dass die Effekte eines Handelskonflikts oder -deals zwischen den Regionen stark variieren. So wären bei einem Zollkrieg industriell geprägte Regionen besonders von Produktionseinbußen betroffen, während sie im Falle eines Handelsdeals am stärksten profitieren würden. Diese regionale Differenzierung erlaubt eine präzisere Bewertung der Folgen für Familienunternehmen in den jeweiligen Regionen. In dieser Studie werden acht handelspolitische Hauptszenarien mit unterschiedlichen Subszenarien, insgesamt also 19 Szenarien untersucht. Für jedes Szenario werden für die EU, die USA, Deutschland sowie einzelne deutsche Regionen die kurz- sowie langfristigen Auswirkungen auf die Exporte sowie das Bruttoinlandsprodukt simuliert.

Suggested Citation

  • Christen, Elisabeth & Felbermayr, Gabriel & Mahlkow, Hendrik & Sandkamp, Alexander-Nikolai, 2025. "Transatlantische Kooperation statt Zollkrieg: Szenarien, Optionen, Lösungsansätze," Studien, Stiftung Familienunternehmen / Foundation for Family Businesses, number 320377.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:sfustu:320377
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Felbermayr, Gabriel & Herrmann, Christoph, 2020. "Handelskonflikte mit Nebenwirkungen: Zur Entschädigung Unbeteiligter bei der Verhängung von Strafzöllen," Studien, Stiftung Familienunternehmen / Foundation for Family Businesses, number 250007.
    2. Felbermayr, Gabriel & Yotov, Yoto V., 2021. "From theory to policy with gravitas: A solution to the mystery of the excess trade balances," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    3. Gabriel Felbermayr & Oliver Krebs, 2023. "Der volkswirtschaftliche Schaden von Decoupling in Deutschland. Szenarien auf Bundes-, Kreis- und Sektorebene," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 70757, June.
    4. Felbermayr, Gabriel & Gröschl, Jasmin & Heiland, Inga, 2022. "Complex Europe: Quantifying the cost of disintegration," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    5. Hinz, Julian & Monastyrenko, Evgenii, 2022. "Bearing the cost of politics: Consumer prices and welfare in Russia," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    6. Gabriel Felbermayr & Oliver Krebs, 2023. "Der volkswirtschaftliche Schaden von Decoupling in Deutschland. Szenarien auf Bundes-, Kreis- und Sektorebene," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 34750508.
    7. Martin T Braml & Gabriel J Felbermayr, 2019. "What Do We Really Know about the Transatlantic Current Account?," CESifo Economic Studies, CESifo Group, vol. 65(3), pages 255-274.
    8. Lorenzo Caliendo & Fernando Parro, 2015. "Estimates of the Trade and Welfare Effects of NAFTA," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 82(1), pages 1-44.
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