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Gemeinschaftsdiagnose #2-2025 – Expansive Finanzpolitik kaschiert Wachstumsschwäche

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  • Projektgruppe Gemeinschaftsdiagnose

Abstract

Deutschland befand sich in den vergangenen zwei Jahren in der Rezession. Die jüngst stark revidierten Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnungen zeigen, dass die Krise deutlich ausgeprägter war als bislang ausgewiesen. Mit einer Stagnation in der ersten Hälfte dieses Jahres dürfte die deutsche Wirtschaft die konjunkturelle Talsohle erreicht haben. Eine breit angelegte Erholung ist allerdings nicht zu erwarten, denn grundlegende strukturelle Schwächen dauern an. Die Konjunktur dürfte in den kommenden zwei Jahren durch die Finanzpolitik expansive Impulse erfahren. Während die Dienstleistungsbereiche, insbesondere im öffentlichen Sektor, weiterhin kräftig zulegen, wird die Erholung im Produzierenden Gewerbe wohl nur verhalten ausfallen. Vor allem dürfte sich die Auslandsnachfrage nach deutschen Waren nicht zuletzt infolge der Zollpolitik der USA weiterhin nur schleppend entwickeln. Die geplanten öffentlichen Ausgaben für Verteidigung und Infrastruktur können dies nur begrenzt abfedern, denn ein erheblicher Teil der Mittel fließt in gesamtwirtschaftlich kleine Bereiche, in denen die bestehenden Kapazitäten bereits gut ausgelastet sind. Insgesamt dürfte es in den kommenden beiden Jahren zu Kapazitätsausweitungen und entsprechenden privaten Investitionen kommen. Das Bruttoinlandsprodukt dürfte in diesem Jahr mit einem Anstieg um 0,2% kaum mehr als stagnieren. Im weiteren Prognosezeitraum dürfte eine expansive Finanzpolitik die Konjunktur anschieben. Im kommenden Jahr steigt das Bruttoinlandsprodukt um 1,3% und im Jahr 2027 um 1,4%. Damit lassen die Institute ihre Prognose für das laufende und kommende Jahr im Vergleich zum Frühjahr in etwa unverändert.

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  • Projektgruppe Gemeinschaftsdiagnose, 2025. "Gemeinschaftsdiagnose #2-2025 – Expansive Finanzpolitik kaschiert Wachstumsschwäche," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 62904743, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:62904743
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    1. Youssef Benzarti & Dorian Carloni & Jarkko Harju & Tuomas Kosonen, 2020. "What Goes Up May Not Come Down: Asymmetric Incidence of Value-Added Taxes," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 128(12), pages 4438-4474.
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