Integration of ESG principles into Slovak local governance: Challenges and opportunities in the digital era

Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) frameworks are increasingly relevant in public administration as societal expectations for transparency, accountability and sustainability grow. This study explores the potential to implement ESG principles within local self‑governments in Slovakia. Using a qualitative, conceptual approach, it analyses 37 secondary sources and applies the PRISMA methodology to ensure systematic and transparent processing. The findings show that Slovak municipalities already carry out activities aligned with ESG criteria—particularly in environmental management, community well‑being, transparent governance and responsible decision‑making. However, these activities are not yet measured or reported through formal ESG indicators due to the absence of a standardized evaluation methodology. Communication and digitalization emerge as key drivers of effective ESG adoption at the municipal level. The study also outlines phased steps for sustainable development based on an analysis of the critical literature. Limitations arise from reliance on secondary data and the evolving nature of ESG terminology, yet the research provides a foundation for future empirical studies.