Application Of Euler Deconvolution Techniques For Identifying Hydrocarbon Traps In The Southeastern Niger Delta Basin Using Aeromagnetic Data

The Niger Delta Basin is a prolific hydrocarbon region characterized by complex geological structures such as shale diapirs, faults, fractures, and various hydrocarbon traps. This study uses Euler Deconvolution method to analyze aeromagnetic data over the southeastern Niger Delta, identifying key subsurface features critical for hydrocarbon exploration. Several geological zones with varying exploration potential are revealed. The central basin zone (latitudes 4˚50’–5˚10’N and longitudes 7˚40’–8˚20’E) shows sparse Euler solutions at depths of 2 to 5 Km, indicating a deeper basement with limited near-surface faulting. This stable zone, with its deep sediment deposits, is favorable for deep-seated hydrocarbon accumulations, particularly within the Akata Formation. In the lowland zone (latitudes 4˚50’–5˚00’N and longitudes 7˚00’–7˚40’E), fewer solutions are detected at depths of 3 to 7 Km, suggesting deeper faults or basement structures that may serve as hydrocarbon traps. The study also identifies significant shale diapirs in the western part (latitudes 5˚00’–5˚30’N and longitudes 7˚30’–8˚00’E), where clusters of solutions at 1.5 to 3 Km indicate over-pressured shales from the Akata Formation intruding upwards, creating structural traps. Additionally, several fault and fracture zones in the northwestern and eastern parts (latitudes 5˚10’–5˚50’N and longitudes 7˚20’–7˚50’E and 8˚20’–8˚50’E) provide potential migration pathways and trapping mechanisms. The findings suggest that targeted exploration in areas with high hydrocarbon potential, such as fault zones, shale diapirs, and structural closures, could lead to significant hydrocarbon discoveries. This study provides insights that enhance understanding of the Niger Delta Basin’s complex geological framework, guiding more efficient exploration strategies in this prolific region.