ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF LEAD (Pb), COPPER (Cu), ZINC (Zn), AND CHROMIUM (Cr) IN DUSTE ABBATOIR DUMP SITE IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA

An inquiry was carried out to investigate the presence of chemical contaminants, like lead, copper, zinc, and chromium, in the garbage disposal sites of Duste Abattoir in Jigawa State. The research was spurred by the elevated levels of heavy metals frequently discovered in public waste disposal sites. Samples were gathered from both the Duste Abattoir and public waste disposal sites to address a knowledge gap in this field. The findings of the investigation show that all areas examined are vulnerable to heavy metal contamination, with lead (Pb) presenting the highest risk, followed by copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Chromium (Cr) has a lesser impact on the environment. Pollution indices suggest that Pb and Cu are the main contaminants, with Zn following closely behind. It was also established that the Abattoir site is more at risk of heavy metal contamination compared to the public site. Moreover, organic carbon and pH levels displayed a significant positive connection with chromium and zinc inorganic forms. It is crucial to consistently monitor waste materials from the abattoir and municipal sources to safeguard the environment and residents, particularly young children, from the risks associated with heavy metal pollution in the area. It is also suggested to decontaminate the abattoir waste before use for agricultural purposes.