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Forecasting Wages Inequality In Response Of Trade Openness In Pakistan: An Artificial Neural Network Approach

Author

Listed:
  • IRFAN ULLAH

    (Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, P. R. China)

  • XUEFENG QIAN

    (School of Business Administration, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, P. R. China)

  • MUHAMMAD HAROON SHAH

    (School of Finance, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, P. R. China)

  • ALAM REHMAN

    (Faculty of Management Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • SHER ALI

    (Department of Economics, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan)

  • ZEESHAN AHMED

    (Lahore Business School, University of Lahore, Gujart Campus, Pakistan)

Abstract

Pakistan liberalized its trade in different regimes and the recent trade reforms is CPEC project which is expected to reduce wages inequality of skilled and unskilled labor. This study forecasts wages inequality as a result of trade openness in Pakistan by using artificial neural network approach for the period 1991–2017. The empirical outcomes revealed that trade liberalization is influential factor for reducing wages inequality in Pakistan, and the forecasting results for 2019–2026 show a dynamic trend of wages inequality in the response to trade liberalization; however, in many of the years, the positive implication has been witnessed for the inequality.

Suggested Citation

  • Irfan Ullah & Xuefeng Qian & Muhammad Haroon Shah & Alam Rehman & Sher Ali & Zeeshan Ahmed, 2023. "Forecasting Wages Inequality In Response Of Trade Openness In Pakistan: An Artificial Neural Network Approach," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 68(06), pages 1875-1890, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:serxxx:v:68:y:2023:i:06:n:s0217590820500058
    DOI: 10.1142/S0217590820500058
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Trade openness; wages inequality; an artificial neural network; Pakistan;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • D60 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - General
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • E27 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions

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