IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/woraff/v188y2025i2ne12075.html

The Effects of Climate Change and Technological Advancement on Economic Recovery in Sub‐Saharan Africa

Author

Listed:
  • Mwoya Byaro
  • Anicet Rwezaula

Abstract

Sub‐saharan Africa's (SSA) economy is slowly recovering from the COVID‐19 pandemic, which has led to a global economic slowdown. This study aims to investigate whether climate change factors, such as temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions along with technological innovation (measured by total patent applications) can predict the economic recovery of 19 selected SSA countries from 2000 to 2022. To address this study gap, we use the kernel‐based regularized least squares (KRLS) regression not previously applied in studies examining these relationships. We account for financial development, human capital, and inflation rates in the model to enhance the analysis. KRLS is well‐suited for this study as it can handle nonlinearity, cross‐sectional dependency, reduce misspecification bias, address model overfitting, and consider variable heterogeneity. Our results show that climate change has a negative and considerable effect on SSA's economic recovery. Specifically, a 1% rise on average annual surface temperature change and CO2 emissions corresponds to a 0.17% and 0.15% decrease in economic recovery, respectively, indicating that climate change is impeding recovery efforts. Conversely, a 1% rise on average technological innovation is linked with a 0.18% increase in economic recovery (GDP). Policy recommendations should focus on reinforcing technological innovation strategies in SSA to foster higher and more sustainable economic growth, while implementing measures to mitigate surface temperature changes and CO2 emissions to safeguard the economy from climate‐related harm. We delve into the mechanisms through which technological innovation and climate change affect the SSA economy, proposing actionable policy insights. 撒哈拉以南非洲的经济正从新冠疫情 (COVID‐19) 中缓慢复苏, 而新冠疫情导致全球经济放缓。本研究旨在探究气候变化因素 (例如气温和二氧化碳 (CO2) 排放) 以及技术创新 (以专利申请总量衡量) 是否能够预测2000年至2022年期间19个选定撒哈拉以南非洲国家的经济复苏。为了弥补这一研究空白, 我们使用了基于核的正则化最小二乘 (KRLS) 回归模型, 该模型此前在研究这些关系的研究中从未使用过。我们在模型中考虑了金融发展、人力资本和通货膨胀率, 以增强分析效果。KRLS 非常适合本研究, 因为它可以处理非线性、横截面相关性、减少错误设定偏差、解决模型过度拟合问题, 并考虑变量异质性。我们的结果表明, 气候变化对撒哈拉以南非洲的经济复苏产生了显著的负面影响。具体而言, 年平均地表温度变化和二氧化碳排放量每上升1%, 经济复苏将分别下降0.17%和0.15%, 这表明气候变化正在阻碍复苏努力。相反, 年平均技术创新每上升1%, 经济复苏 (GDP) 将增长0.18%。政策建议应侧重于加强撒哈拉以南非洲地区的技术创新战略, 以促进更高水平、更可持续的经济增长, 同时采取措施减缓地表温度变化和二氧化碳排放, 保护经济免受气候相关损害。我们深入探讨技术创新和气候变化影响撒哈拉以南非洲经济的机制, 并提出切实可行的政策建议。 La economía del África subsahariana se recupera lentamente de la pandemia de COVID‐19, que ha provocado una desaceleración económica mundial. Este estudio busca investigar si factores del cambio climático, como la temperatura y las emisiones de dióxido de carbono (CO₂), junto con la innovación tecnológica (medida por el total de solicitudes de patentes), pueden predecir la recuperación económica de 19 países seleccionados del África subsahariana entre 2000 y 2022. Para abordar esta brecha en la investigación, utilizamos la regresión de Mínimos Cuadrados Regularizados (KRLS) basada en kernel, no aplicada previamente en estudios que examinan esta relación. Consideramos el desarrollo financiero, el capital humano y las tasas de inflación en el modelo para enriquecer el análisis. KRLS es muy adecuado para este estudio, ya que puede gestionar la no linealidad, la dependencia transversal, reducir el sesgo por errores de especificación, abordar el sobreajuste del modelo y considerar la heterogeneidad de las variables. Nuestros resultados muestran que el cambio climático tiene un efecto negativo y considerable en la recuperación económica del África subsahariana. Específicamente, un aumento del 1% en el cambio promedio anual de la temperatura superficial y las emisiones de CO2 corresponde a una disminución del 0,17% y del 0,15% en la recuperación económica, respectivamente, lo que indica que el cambio climático está obstaculizando los esfuerzos de recuperación. Por el contrario, un aumento del 1% en la innovación tecnológica promedio se vincula con un aumento del 0,18% en la recuperación económica (PIB). Las recomendaciones políticas deben centrarse en reforzar las estrategias de innovación tecnológica en el África subsahariana para promover un crecimiento económico mayor y más sostenible, a la vez que se implementan medidas para mitigar los cambios en la temperatura superficial y las emisiones de CO2 y así proteger la economía de los daños relacionados con el clima. Profundizamos en los mecanismos a través de los cuales la innovación tecnológica y el cambio climático afectan la economía del África Subsahariana, proponiendo perspectivas políticas prácticas.

Suggested Citation

  • Mwoya Byaro & Anicet Rwezaula, 2025. "The Effects of Climate Change and Technological Advancement on Economic Recovery in Sub‐Saharan Africa," World Affairs, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 188(2), April.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:woraff:v:188:y:2025:i:2:n:e12075
    DOI: 10.1002/waf2.12075
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/waf2.12075
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/waf2.12075?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maha Mohamed Alsebai Mohamed & Pingfeng Liu & Guihua Nie, 2021. "Are Technological Innovation and Foreign Direct Investment a Way to Boost Economic Growth? An Egyptian Case Study Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-28, March.
    2. Kuang, Hewu & Liang, Yiyan & Zhao, Wenjia & Cai, Jiahong, 2023. "Impact of natural resources and technology on economic development and sustainable environment – Analysis of resources-energy-growth-environment linkages in BRICS," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PB).
    3. Zhang, Peng & Deschenes, Olivier & Meng, Kyle & Zhang, Junjie, 2018. "Temperature effects on productivity and factor reallocation: Evidence from a half million chinese manufacturing plants," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 1-17.
    4. Stavros A. Zenios, 2022. "The risks from climate change to sovereign debt," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 172(3), pages 1-19, June.
    5. Samuel Asumadu Sarkodie & Emmanuel Ackom & Festus Victor Bekun & Phebe Asantewaa Owusu, 2020. "Energy–Climate–Economy–Population Nexus: An Empirical Analysis in Kenya, Senegal, and Eswatini," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-16, July.
    6. Robert N. Stavins, 2011. "The Problem of the Commons: Still Unsettled after 100 Years," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(1), pages 81-108, February.
    7. Preethu Rahman & Zhihe Zhang & Mohammad Musa, 2023. "Do technological innovation, foreign investment, trade and human capital have a symmetric effect on economic growth? Novel dynamic ARDL simulation study on Bangladesh," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 1327-1366, April.
    8. Hasan, Mohammad Maruf & Du, Fang, 2023. "The role of foreign trade and technology innovation on economic recovery in China: The mediating role of natural resources development," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    9. Chiraz Feki & Sirine Mnif, 2016. "Entrepreneurship, Technological Innovation, and Economic Growth: Empirical Analysis of Panel Data," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 7(4), pages 984-999, December.
    10. Kuang, Hewu & Akmal, Zeeshan & Li, Feifei, 2022. "Measuring the effects of green technology innovations and renewable energy investment for reducing carbon emissions in China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 1-10.
    11. Zhao, Jun & Dong, Kangyin & Dong, Xiucheng & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2022. "How renewable energy alleviate energy poverty? A global analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 299-311.
    12. Edziah, Bless Kofi & Sun, Huaping & Adom, Philip Kofi & Wang, Feng & Agyemang, Andrew Osei, 2022. "The role of exogenous technological factors and renewable energy in carbon dioxide emission reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 1418-1428.
    13. Chen, Chaoyi & Pinar, Mehmet & Stengos, Thanasis, 2022. "Renewable energy and CO2 emissions: New evidence with the panel threshold model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 117-128.
    14. Hainmueller, Jens & Hazlett, Chad, 2014. "Kernel Regularized Least Squares: Reducing Misspecification Bias with a Flexible and Interpretable Machine Learning Approach," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 22(2), pages 143-168, April.
    15. Aldieri, Luigi & Bruno, Bruna & Lorente, Daniel Balsalobre & Paolo Vinci, Concetto, 2022. "Environmental innovation, climate change and knowledge diffusion process: How can spillovers play a role in the goal of sustainable economic performance?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    16. Wang, Jieyu & Shan, Yuli & Cui, Can & Zhao, Congyu & Meng, Jing & Wang, Shaojian, 2024. "Investigating the fast energy-related carbon emissions growth in African countries and its drivers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 357(C).
    17. He, Xu & Sun, Shiquan & Leong, Lin Woon & Cong, Phan The & Abu-Rumman, Ayman & Halteh, Khaled, 2023. "Does clean energy and technological innovation matter for economic growth? An Asian countries perspective," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1195-1208.
    18. Jafino,Bramka Arga & Walsh,Brian James & Rozenberg,Julie & Hallegatte,Stephane, 2020. "Revised Estimates of the Impact of Climate Change on Extreme Poverty by 2030," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9417, The World Bank.
    19. Markus Baldauf & Lorenzo Garlappi & Constantine Yannelis & José Scheinkman, 2020. "Does Climate Change Affect Real Estate Prices? Only If You Believe In It," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 33(3), pages 1256-1295.
    20. Abbasi, Kashif Raza & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Zhang, Jinjun & Irfan, Muhammad & Alvarado, Rafael, 2022. "Analyze the environmental sustainability factors of China: The role of fossil fuel energy and renewable energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 390-402.
    21. Hasan, Iftekhar & Tucci, Christopher L., 2010. "The innovation-economic growth nexus: Global evidence," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(10), pages 1264-1276, December.
    22. Thierer, Adam & Broughel, James, 2019. "Technological Innovation and Economic Growth: A Brief Report on the Evidence," Annals of Computational Economics, George Mason University, Mercatus Center, March.
    23. xin, Liu & Vu, Trong Lam & Phan, Thi Thu Hien & Sadiq, Muhammad & Xuyen, Nguyen Thi My & Ngo, Thanh Quang, 2023. "Nexus of natural resources, urbanization and economic recovery in Asia: The moderating role of innovation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    24. Abbasi, Kashif Raza & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Jiao, Zhilun & Tufail, Muhammad, 2021. "How energy consumption, industrial growth, urbanization, and CO2 emissions affect economic growth in Pakistan? A novel dynamic ARDL simulations approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Byaro, Mwoya & Timbuka, Monica, 2025. "Greening the future: Do green growth and institutional quality affect environmental sustainability differently across countries' income levels? International evidence," Innovation and Green Development, Elsevier, vol. 4(4).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhou, Runyu & Abbasi, Kashif Raza & Salem, Sultan & Almulhim, Abdulaziz.I. & Alvarado, Rafael, 2022. "Do natural resources, economic growth, human capital, and urbanization affect the ecological footprint? A modified dynamic ARDL and KRLS approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    2. Zheng, Li & Abbasi, Kashif Raza & Salem, Sultan & Irfan, Muhammad & Alvarado, Rafael & Lv, Kangjuan, 2022. "How technological innovation and institutional quality affect sectoral energy consumption in Pakistan? Fresh policy insights from novel econometric approach," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    3. Wen, Chen & Xing, Yuhang & Wang, Tao & Liao, Sheng & Gao, Ke, 2025. "How do green supply chain management and renewable energy consumption influence carbon emissions in China and India? A comparative analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    4. Hossain, Mohammad Razib & Singh, Sanjeet & Sharma, Gagan Deep & Apostu, Simona-Andreea & Bansal, Pooja, 2023. "Overcoming the shock of energy depletion for energy policy? Tracing the missing link between energy depletion, renewable energy development and decarbonization in the USA," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    5. Bin Amin, Sakib & Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad & Khan, Farhan & Manal Rahman, Faria, 2024. "Does technology have a lead or lag role in economic growth? The case of selected resource-rich and resource-scarce countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    6. Fanglin LI & Michael APPIAH & Regina Naa Amua DODOO, 2020. "The Effects Of Technology And Labor On Growth In Emerging Countries," Management Research and Practice, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 12(2), pages 39-47, June.
    7. Tachega, Mark Awe & Chen, Yanjiao & Wang, Junjian & Agbanyo, George Kwame & Xu, Haohan & Ning, Zexin & Yang, Pei, 2025. "CO2 emissions inequality in Africa: Regional analysis and strategies for climate justice," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
    8. Yuting Lai & Tingting Fei & Chen Wang & Xiaoying Xu & Xinhan Zhuang & Xiang Que & Yanjiao Zhang & Wenli Yuan & Haohao Yang & Yu Hong, 2025. "Energy Carbon Emission Reduction Based on Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity: A County-Level Empirical Analysis in Guangdong, Fujian, and Zhejiang," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-21, April.
    9. Ben Cheikh, Nidhaleddine & Ben Zaied, Younes, 2024. "Understanding the drivers of the renewable energy transition," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 604-612.
    10. Yixuan Wang & Ridwan Lanre Ibrahim & David Mautin Oke & Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al‐Faryan, 2024. "Investigating green energy–environment nexus in post‐COP26 era: Can technological innovation, financial development and government expenditure deliver Africa's targets?," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(3), pages 3263-3285, July.
    11. Zhang, Jinjun & Abbasi, Kashif Raza & Hussain, Khadim & Akram, Sabahat & Alvarado, Rafael & Almulhim, Abdulaziz I., 2022. "Another perspective towards energy consumption factors in Pakistan: Fresh policy insights from novel methodological framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    12. Kartal, Mustafa Tevfik & Magazzino, Cosimo & Taşkın, Dilvin & Depren, Özer & Ayhan, Fatih, 2025. "Efficiency of green bond, clean energy, oil price, and geopolitical risk on sectoral decarbonization: Evidence from the globe by daily data and marginal effect analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 392(C).
    13. Abbasi, Kashif Raza & Hussain, Khadim & Radulescu, Magdalena & Ozturk, Ilhan, 2022. "Asymmetric impact of renewable and non-renewable energy on the industrial sector in Pakistan: Fresh evidence from Bayesian and non-linear ARDL," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 944-957.
    14. Ai, Hongshan & Tan, Xiaoqing & Mangla, Sachin Kumar & Emrouznejad, Ali & Liu, Fan & Song, Malin, 2025. "Renewable energy transition and sustainable development: Evidence from China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    15. Puspanjali Behera & Litu Sethi & Najia Saqib & Narayan Sethi, 2026. "Green Finance and Public–Private Partnerships: Dynamic ARDL Insights into Renewable Energy and Air Quality Enhancement," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 59(1), pages 1-25, February.
    16. Kartal, Mustafa Tevfik & Pata, Ugur Korkut & Kılıç Depren, Serpil & Depren, Özer, 2023. "Effects of possible changes in natural gas, nuclear, and coal energy consumption on CO2 emissions: Evidence from France under Russia’s gas supply cuts by dynamic ARDL simulations approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    17. Awan, Ashar & Abbasi, Kashif Raza & Rej, Soumen & Bandyopadhyay, Arunava & Lv, Kangjuan, 2022. "The impact of renewable energy, internet use and foreign direct investment on carbon dioxide emissions: A method of moments quantile analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 454-466.
    18. Hong Ngoc Le & Minh Nhat Dang & Phuong Uyen Ho & Nguyen Hoang Nguyen Tran & Thi Ai Van Tran & Phuc Hung Nguyen & Minh Quy Trinh, 2026. "The More, the Merrier? Innovation‐Led Sustainable Development," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(1), pages 808-836, February.
    19. Oluwatoyin Abidemi Somoye & Awosusi Abraham Ayobamiji, 2026. "Can energy intensity, clean energy utilization, economic expansion, and financial development contribute to ecological progress in Iceland? A quantile‐on‐quantile KRLS analysis," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 50(1), pages 64-83, February.
    20. Nora Pankratz & Rob Bauer & Jeroen Derwall, 2023. "Climate Change, Firm Performance, and Investor Surprises," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(12), pages 7352-7398, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:woraff:v:188:y:2025:i:2:n:e12075. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.