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Anti‐Vaccination Beliefs and Unrelated Conspiracy Theories

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  • Zachary J. Goldberg
  • Sean Richey

Abstract

Much recent literature has examined the correlates of anti‐vaccination beliefs, without specifying the mechanism that creates adherence to these debunked ideas. We posit that anti‐vaccination beliefs are an outcome of a general psychological propensity to believe in conspiracies based on new research on the interconnectedness of conspiracy beliefs. These ideas are tested with a confirmatory factor analysis and a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model of a nationally representative U.S. sample from the 2016 American National Election Studies. The confirmatory factor analysis shows that anti‐vaccination beliefs highly correlate with belief in the unrelated conspiracies that Obama is a Muslim and 9/11 trutherism. Our SUR models also show that all three of these very different beliefs have similar predictors. All three have a negative correlation with political trust, political knowledge, education, and a positive correlation with authoritarianism. Thus, anti‐vaccination beliefs are shown to be part of a psychological propensity to believe in conspiracies. Mucha literatura reciente ha examinado los correlatos de las creencias contra la vacunación, sin especificar el mecanismo que crea la adhesión a estas ideas desacreditadas. Creemos que las creencias antivacunación son el resultado de una propensión psicológica general a creer en conspiraciones basadas en una nueva investigación sobre la interconexión de las creencias de conspiración. Ponemos a prueba nuestras ideas con un análisis factorial confirmatorio y un modelo de Regresión aparentemente no relacionada (SUR) de una muestra representativa a nivel nacional de los Estudios de elecciones nacionales estadounidenses de 2016. El análisis factorial confirmatorio muestra que las creencias anti‐vacunación se correlacionan altamente con la creencia en las conspiraciones no relacionadas de que Obama es un musulmán y el trutherismo del 11‐S. Nuestros modelos SUR también muestran que estas tres creencias muy diferentes tienen predictores similares. Los tres tienen una correlación negativa con la confianza política, el conocimiento político, la educación y una correlación positiva del autoritarismo. Por lo tanto, las creencias anti‐vacunación se muestran como parte de una propensión psicológica a creer en conspiraciones. 近年来许多文献已检验了反疫苗信念相关物,但却没有指出相关机制来支持这些互不关联的看法。基于阴谋论信念的相互关联性的新研究,我们假设,反疫苗信念是一种相信阴谋论的普遍心理倾向的产物。我们用一项验证性因素分析和似不相关回归(SUR)模型对假设进行检验,该模型选取来自2016 年美国国家选举研究的一项全国代表样本。验证性因素分析表明,反疫苗信念与奥巴马是穆斯林及 911 事件真相主义这些不相关阴谋论信念高度相关。SUR 模型也显示,这三种截然不同的信念拥有相似的预测物。这三种信念都与政治信任、政治知识、教育呈负相关, 而与威权主义呈正相关。 因此,反疫苗信念被证明是相信阴谋论这一心理倾向的一部分。

Suggested Citation

  • Zachary J. Goldberg & Sean Richey, 2020. "Anti‐Vaccination Beliefs and Unrelated Conspiracy Theories," World Affairs, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 183(2), pages 105-124, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:woraff:v:183:y:2020:i:2:p:105-124
    DOI: 10.1177/0043820020920554
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