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TCDD Exposure‐Response Analysis and Risk Assessment

Author

Listed:
  • Hong Cheng
  • Lesa Aylward
  • Colleen Beall
  • Thomas B. Starr
  • Robert C. Brunet
  • Gaétan Carrier
  • Elizabeth Delzell

Abstract

We examined the relation between cancer mortality and time‐dependent cumulative exposure to 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) estimated from a concentration‐ and age‐dependent kinetic model of elimination, and we estimated incremental cancer risks at age 75. Data from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health study of 3,538 workers with occupational exposure to TCDD were analyzed using standardized mortality ratios and Cox regression procedures. Analyses adjusted for potential confounding by age, year of birth, and race and considered exposure lag periods of 0, 10, or 15 years. Other potential confounders including smoking and other occupational exposures were evaluated indirectly. To explore the influence of extreme values of cumulative TCDD ppt‐years, we restricted the analysis to observations with exposure below the 95th percentile or used logarithmic (ln) transformed exposure values. We applied penalized smoothing splines to examine variation in the exposure‐response relation across the exposure range. TCDD was not statistically significantly associated with cancer mortality using the full data set, regardless of the lag period. When we restricted the analysis to observations with exposure below the 95th percentile, TCDD was associated positively with cancer mortality, particularly when a 15‐year lag was applied (untransformed exposure data: regression coefficient , standard error (s.e.) = 1.4 × 10−6, p

Suggested Citation

  • Hong Cheng & Lesa Aylward & Colleen Beall & Thomas B. Starr & Robert C. Brunet & Gaétan Carrier & Elizabeth Delzell, 2006. "TCDD Exposure‐Response Analysis and Risk Assessment," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(4), pages 1059-1071, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:riskan:v:26:y:2006:i:4:p:1059-1071
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2006.00800.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lesa L. Aylward & Robert C. Brunet & Thomas B. Starr & Gaétan Carrier & Elizabeth Delzell & Hong Cheng & Colleen Beall, 2005. "Exposure Reconstruction for the TCDD‐Exposed NIOSH Cohort Using a Concentration‐ and Age‐Dependent Model of Elimination," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 25(4), pages 945-956, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kyle Steenland & Scott Bartell, 2007. "Caution in Drawing Conclusions from PBPK Models Based on Sparse Human Data," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(1), pages 7-8, February.
    2. B. Ganguli & M. Naskar & E.J. Malloy & E.A. Eisen, 2015. "Determination of the functional form of the relationship of covariates to the log hazard ratio in a Cox model," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(5), pages 1091-1105, May.
    3. Joshua T. Cohen & George M. Gray, 2010. "Letter to the Editor," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(10), pages 1457-1458, October.
    4. Lesa L. Aylward & Hong Cheng & Colleen Beall & Thomas B. Starr & Robert Brunet & Gaétan Carrier & Elizabeth Delzell, 2007. "Estimating Past Dioxin Exposure: Response to Steenland and Bartell," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(1), pages 9-10, February.
    5. Wenjiang J. Fu, 2008. "A Smoothing Cohort Model in Age–Period–Cohort Analysis With Applications to Homicide Arrest Rates and Lung Cancer Mortality Rates," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 36(3), pages 327-361, February.

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    1. Kyle Steenland & Scott Bartell, 2007. "Caution in Drawing Conclusions from PBPK Models Based on Sparse Human Data," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(1), pages 7-8, February.

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