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Current changes of climate and permafrost in the arctic and sub‐arctic of Russia

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  • A. V. Pavlov

Abstract

In northern Russia, from the time meteorological measurements began in the early nineteenth century to the end of that century, the air temperature was characterized by a general decrease (approximately 1°C). It then rose up to the 1950s (by 0.6°C). A subsequent slight fall in temperature lasted until the mid 1970s. Since then a further rise has been observed (0.6–0.9°C). Temperatures in the upper horizons of permafrost over the last 10–20 years are in good agreement with recent global warming trends. For the European north‐east during the period 1970–90 a rise in temperature at a depth of 3 m amounted to 0.6–0.7°C on average. However, this rise is related not necessarily to a rise in air temperature, but more likely to an increase in snow cover. Dans la Russie septentrionale, depuis le commencement des observations météorologiques au début du 19e siècle et jusqu'à la fin de ce siècle, la température de l'air a diminué de l'ordre de 1°C. Elle s'est ensuite élevée de 0.6°C jusqu'à 1950. Une légère chute de température s'est ensuite produite jusqu'au milieu des années 1970. Depuis lors, une augmentation de 0.6°C à 0.9°C a été observée. Les variations de températures dans les horizons supérieurs du pergélisol au cours des derniers 10 à 20 ans sont en bon accord avec les récentes tendances de réchauffement. Pour le Nord‐Est européen pendant la période 1970–1990, l'augmentation de température à une profondeur de 3 m a atteint une moyenne 0.6/0.7°C. Toutefois, cette variation n'est pas nécessairement due à une augmentation de la température moyenne annuelle de l'air, mais est plus probablement liée à une augmentation de la couverture neigeuse.

Suggested Citation

  • A. V. Pavlov, 1994. "Current changes of climate and permafrost in the arctic and sub‐arctic of Russia," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(2), pages 101-110, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:5:y:1994:i:2:p:101-110
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430050204
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