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Caractéristiques de la Cinétique de Congélation de Sols Salins

Author

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  • A. D. Frolov
  • M.‐K. Seguin

Abstract

Nous présentons l'analyse des résultats d'une étude expérimentale réalisée à l'aide des méthodes de spectroscopie diélectrique et de conversion électroacoustique. Ces expériences ont été effectuées sur des modèles de sable de quartz poreux saturé de solutions de concentration différente, à contenu ionique différent et gelé. Ces expériences ont permis d'établir les particularitées communes à la cinétique de congélation de sols salins. Il s'est avéré que la concentration limite des solutions saturantes dans les pores est d'environ 10−2 mole 1−1. Cette limite correspond à la concentration a partir de laquelle la cinétique de congélation de sols salins diffère substantiellement de celle de sols non‐salins. Pour des concentrations de solutions dans les pores qui sont >10−2 mole 1−1, le sable gelé conserve sa perméabilité (dans les pores et capillaires) jusqu'à des temperatures très basses. On démontre que lors du processus de congélation, le changement du contenu de la phase liquide s'effectue en měme temps que le degré de discrétisation (ségrégation et fractionation) volumique et la mobilité des ions augmentent. La modification d'un sol gelé fortement salin (>10−1 mole 1−1) en un sol gelé non‐salin s'effectue à des températures environ 10 K plus basses que les eutectiques pour le composé ionique d'une solution spécifique. The results of an experimental study related to dielectric spectroscopy and electro‐acoustic conversion are presented. These experiments were carried out on samples of porous quartz sand saturated with solutions of various concentrations and different ionic contents, and frozen. These experiments allowed the determination of characteristics common to the freezing kinetics of frozen soils. It was found that the marginal concentration of saturating solutions in the pores is about 10−2 mole 1−1. This limit corresponds to a concentration at which the freezing kinetics of saline soils differs substantially from that of non‐saline soils. For concentrations in pore solutions which are larger than 10−2 mole 1−1, frozen sand retains its permeability (in pores and capillaries) down to very low temperatures. It is shown that during the freezing process, the change in content of the liquid phase takes place at the same time as the degree of volumetric discretization and the mobility of the ions increase. Modification of a frozen soil which is highly saline (> 10−1 mole 1−1) into a non‐saline frozen soil occurs at temperatures about 10 K lower than the eutectics for the ionic compound of a given solution.

Suggested Citation

  • A. D. Frolov & M.‐K. Seguin, 1993. "Caractéristiques de la Cinétique de Congélation de Sols Salins," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 4(4), pages 311-325, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:4:y:1993:i:4:p:311-325
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430040404
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