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Devensian thermal contraction networks and cracks at Somersham, Cambridgeshire, UK

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  • R. G. West

Abstract

Middle and Late Devensian thermal contraction networks and cracks are described from the southern Fenland, Cambridgeshire. They are associated with gravel aggradations of low terraces of the River Great Ouse. Two networks are described, one set younger than the other. Three types of contraction crack are described. Type 1 occurs within the gravel aggradation of a c. 3 m OD terrace; type 2 penetrates this gravel and is filled with a complex of sediments, including primary, secondary and trough fillings; type 3 penetrates younger lacustrine sediments and gravels associated with Lake Sparks, the lake formed by the damming of Fenland by Late Devensian ice at the Wash. The networks are related to type 2 and type 3 cracks. The relation of permafrost periods to the stratigraphy and landscape development is described, together with the chronology. Periods of sand‐loess and cover sand deposition are identified. A period of permafrost degradation may be associated with change of climate and/or the development and proximity of Lake Sparks. A major period of permafrost in the area is correlated with the Weichselian Late Pleniglacial major permafrost event in the Netherlands (24 ka to 17 ka BP) and a similar major event in Poland (22 ka to 19/20 ka BP). This appears to be, broadly, the period leading up to and associated with the advance of the Late Devensian (Weichselian) ice in Britain and on the continent. Des réseaux de fentes de contraction thermique et de fissures datant du milieu et de la fin de la dernière glaciatton sont décrits dans le sud des Fens (Cambridgeshire‐Angleterre). Ils sont associés avec des accumulations de graviers sur des basses terrasses de la rivière ‘Great Ouse’. Deux réseaux sont décrits, l'un étant plus jeune que l'autre. Trois types de fissures de contraction sont également décrites. Le type 1 est développé dans l'accumulation graveleuse d'une terrasse de 3 m; le type 2 pénètre ce gravier et est rempli par un complexe de sédiments comprenant des remplissages primaires, secondaires et en auge; le type 3 s'enfonce dans des sediments lacustres plus jeunes et dans des graviers associés avec la formation du lac Sparks, lac produit à la suite de la fermeture des Fens par de la glace de la fin de la dernière glaciation remplissant le golfe du Wash. Les réseaux sont ceux appartenant aux fissures de types 2 et 3. Les relations existant entre les périodes où ont existe un pergélisol et à la fois la stratigraphie, et le développement du paysage sont décrits, en měme temps que la chronologie. Des périodes de dépǒt de loess sableux et de sables de couverture sont identifies. Une période de degradation du pergélisol peut ětre associée avec des changements de climat et/ou avec le développement et la proximité du Lac Sparks. Une période majeure d'extension du pergélisol dans la région est mise en relation avec la période de développement maximum du pergélisol à la fin du pleniglaciaire Weichselien aux Pays‐Bas (24–17 Ka BP) et un evenement semblable connu en Pologne (22–19/20 Ka BP). Cette pkriode semble Ctre en gros, la periode conduisant a, et associee avec, l'avance de la glace Devensienne (Weichselienne) dans les Iles Britanniques et sur le continent.

Suggested Citation

  • R. G. West, 1993. "Devensian thermal contraction networks and cracks at Somersham, Cambridgeshire, UK," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 4(4), pages 277-299, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:4:y:1993:i:4:p:277-299
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430040402
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