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Freeze‐thaw activity and some of its geomorphic implications in the abisko mountains, Swedish Lappland

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  • Rolf Nyberg

Abstract

Freeze‐thaw activity was studied at two mountain sites in Swedish Lappland, a debris‐mantled slope with small rockwalls at 1200 m altitude and a solifluction slope at 1050 m altitude. During the snow‐free period, there was a low intensity of short‐term frost cycles at the rockwall site, implying that current frost shattering of bedrock is mainly due to the annual freeze cycle. At the solifluction site, during a period with net surficial soil movements of up to 3 cm, short‐term frost cycles were absent below 0.1 m depth in the ground, suggesting a dominance of pure solifluction over frost creep. A considerable variability in near‐ground temperatures implies that in situ measurements, rather than meteorological screen data, are essential in assessments of frost action in high mountain terrain. Les conséquences des alternances gel/dégel ont été étudiées en deux sites de Laponie suédoise, à savoir: sur une pente recouverte de débris oú existent de petits abrupts rocheux (altitude: 1200 m) et sur une pente affectée par la solifluxion (altitude: 1050 m). Pendant la période sans neige, des cycles de gel de courte durée et de faible intensité se sont produits à l'emplacement d'un abrupt rocheux, indiquant que la rupture de la roche en place par le gel est due principalement aux cycles de gel annuels. Là oú la solifluxion s'exerce, les cycles de gel/dégel ne se sont pas produits à plus de 0.1 m de profondeur pendant une période d'observation oú les mouvements superficiels des débris ont dépassé 3 cm. Les observateurs suggèrent que la solifluxion, sans action du gel, est plus importante que le frost creep. La variabilité considérable des températures proches du sol indique que des mesures in situ, et pas seulement des données météorologiques, sont nécessaires avant d'affirmer l'importance de l'action du gel dans les sols de haute montagne.

Suggested Citation

  • Rolf Nyberg, 1993. "Freeze‐thaw activity and some of its geomorphic implications in the abisko mountains, Swedish Lappland," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 4(1), pages 37-47, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:4:y:1993:i:1:p:37-47
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430040104
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