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“Cold Tropics”: Permafrost Existence and Thickness on Eastern Nevado Coropuna (Southern Peruvian Andes) Revealed by Ground‐Penetrating Radar and Geoelectrical Soundings

Author

Listed:
  • Velnia Chacca
  • Ramón Pellitero
  • Adriano Ribolini
  • José Úbeda
  • Luis Mariano del Río
  • Ricardo Vila
  • Oscar Vilca

Abstract

The existence of permafrost was explored at tropical latitude on Nevado Coropuna (southern Peruvian Andes) using a combination of ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and vertical electrical sounding (VES) in order to strengthen the mutual validation of data processing and interpretation. Two GPR surveys (25 and 10 MHz unshielded antennas) and two VES measurements were conducted on the unglaciated eastern flank of the mountain, exploring the internal structure of a rock glacier and the debris slope adjacent to the rock glacier. According to several longitudinal and transverse GPR profiles, a 15–20 m thick permafrost layer was identified beneath 2–4 m thick unfrozen sediments in the rock glacier and adjacent debris slope. The permafrost layer shows a homogeneous distribution within the rock glacier's subsurface, with maximum values reached in the middle and frontal areas, where radar data indicate the potential existence of buried massive ice. This evidence corresponds to the presence of a well‐developed frozen layer with significant lateral continuity and a minimum discontinuous permafrost limit in this area at 5090 m.a.s.l. The extensive unglaciated area at this altitude and with a similar aspect indicates that Nevado Coropuna hosts one of the largest tropical permafrost areas in the world, emphasizing the strategic importance of assessing the extent of the permafrost water reservoir in this Andean region, which is affected by dry conditions and prolonged drought.

Suggested Citation

  • Velnia Chacca & Ramón Pellitero & Adriano Ribolini & José Úbeda & Luis Mariano del Río & Ricardo Vila & Oscar Vilca, 2026. "“Cold Tropics”: Permafrost Existence and Thickness on Eastern Nevado Coropuna (Southern Peruvian Andes) Revealed by Ground‐Penetrating Radar and Geoelectrical Soundings," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(3), pages 517-534, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:37:y:2026:i:3:p:517-534
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.70044
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ralph Lugon & Reynald Delaloye & Enrique Serrano & Emmanuel Reynard & Christophe Lambiel & Juan J. González‐Trueba, 2004. "Permafrost and Little Ice Age glacier relationships, Posets Massif, Central Pyrenees, Spain," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(3), pages 207-220, July.
    2. Adriano Ribolini & Denis Fabre, 2006. "Permafrost existence in rock glaciers of the Argentera Massif, Maritime Alps, Italy," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(1), pages 49-63, January.
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