IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/perpro/v2y1991i1p21-30.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The evidence for cirque glaciation in Lesotho

Author

Listed:
  • Margaret E Marker

Abstract

The cirque‐like hollows of the Lesotho high Plateau and its South African extension are a class of erosional landform attributed to processes active during Pleistocene cold phases. The hypothesis that these hollows are the product of glaciation is examined by a morphological analysis based on 12 parameters from a population of 628 hollows. Eight parameters were derived from map analysis. The survey extends over 156000 km2 between latitudes 28º30′ S and 30º00′ S. The data were considered by latitudinal belts subdivided into the Escarpment region and the Interior. Most hollows are 800‐1000 m wide, almost circular and relatively shallow. Hollow distribution is related to plateau residuals on Drakensberg Formation basalt. Hollow frequency and density are greatest adjacent to the Great Escarpment between latitudes 29º S and 30º S and diminish westwards towards the Interior. Indices of Flatness, as a means of differentiation between cirques of glacial and nival origin, were computed. Only 27% fall unequivocally into the glacial size class; a further 29% are intermediate in depth. The correlation of hollow frequency, density and morphological variability with areas of high present‐day precipitation and high altitudes support the hypothesis. The strong northern orientation and strong preference for hollows on the leeside of ridges aligned NW‐SE and E‐W is attributed to snow‐bearing southerly and southwesterly winds. This also supports the hypothesis. The conclusion is reached that weak cirque glaciation occurred on the high plateau at least once during the Pleistocene. Les dépressions semblables à des cirques du Haut Plateau du Lesotho, dépressions fréquentes en Afrique du Sud sont des formes d'érosion attribuées aux processus actifs pendant les phases froides du Pléistocene. L'hypothèse que ces dépressions résultent d'une glaciation est examinée par une analyse morphologique basée sur 12 paramètres considérés sur une population de 628 dépressions. Huit paramètres proviennent d'une analyse des cartes. L'étude couvre 156,000 Km2 entre les latitudes de 28º30′S et 30º00′S. Les données ont été considérées en zones latitudinales, subdivisées en région de l'escarpement et celle de l'intérieur du plateau. La majorité des dépressions sont larges de 800 à 1000 m, presque circulaires et relativement peu profondes. Leur distribution peut être mise en relation avec des restes du plateau correspondant à la formation basaltique du Drakensberg. La fréquence des dépressions et leur densité sont les plus grandes à proximité du Grand Escarpement entre les latitudes de 29ºS et 30ºS et diminuent en directed de l'Ouest vers l'intérieur. Des indices de l'importance du relief comme moyen de différenciation entre des cirques glaciaires et des formes nivales ont été calculés. 27% seulement tombent sans équivoque dans la classe des formes glaciaires; la profondeur de 29% des dépressions pourrait indiquer aussi des formes glaciaires. La corrélation entre la fréquence des dépressions, leur densité et leur variabilité morphologique dans des regions de precipitations actuelles elevees et de hautes altitudes supportent cette hypothbse glaciaire. Sur des rides alignkes NW‐SE et E‐W, l'orientation septentrionale des depressions et leur forte frkquence sur les c6tts sous le vent, sont attributes aux vents Venus du S et SW apportant la neige. Cela est en accord avec l'hypothbse glaciaire. La conclusion est qu'une faible glaciation de cirque s'est produite sur le Haut Plateau au moins une fois pendant le Pleistocene.

Suggested Citation

  • Margaret E Marker, 1991. "The evidence for cirque glaciation in Lesotho," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 2(1), pages 21-30, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:2:y:1991:i:1:p:21-30
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430020106
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.3430020106
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/ppp.3430020106?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:2:y:1991:i:1:p:21-30. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1530 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.