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Niveo‐aeolian sedimentation and resulting sedimentary structures; søndre strømfjord area, Western Greenland

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  • J. W. A. Dijkmans

Abstract

Winter observations were carried out on aeolian sand sheets in Western Greenland, in order to obtain insight into the occurrence and influence of niveo‐aeolian sedimentation in modern cold‐climate sand‐sheet environments. The alternating or simultaneous aeolian transportation of snow and sand appears to form an important factor in the sedimentation. Niveo‐aeolian beds develop annually and are deposited during a period when the snow cover is thin. They are covered by clean snow when sand transport is impeded by ample snow or insufficient wind velocity. The nature and significance of denivation features in the sedimentological record are equally poorly understood. In order to study these snow‐related structures, the winter observations are compared with sections trenched in summer when no snow was left. After desiccation of the surface in summer, the sediments deriving from the niveo‐aeolian beds on planar and low‐angle inclined surfaces are likely to be redistributed by wind action. However, on slip faces denivation structures are frequently preserved as deformation of cross‐strata and a model of their association is presented. Most of these structures resemble deformation structures previously described in wetted sand, but their association, indicating (1) collapse due to volume reduction and (2) the alternation of deformed and undeformed sedimentary units, form diagnostic indicators of cold‐climate aeolian deposits. Des observations faites en hiver sur les sables éoliens du Groenland Occidental ont été exécutées afin d'améliorer la connaissance des processus nivéo‐éoliens et pour préciser leur rǒle dans le développement des couvertures sableuses en climat froid actuel. Le transport de neige et de sable, alternant ou simultané, est un facteur important de la sédimentation. Des couches sableuses nivéo‐éoliennes se développent chaque année pendant une période où la couverture de neige est mince. Elles sont couvertes par une couche de neige pure quand le transport de sable est supprimé à la suite d'une chute de neige abondante ou parceque la vitesse du vent est insuffisante. La nature et l'importance des phénomènes de dénivation dans les sédiments sont mal compris. Pour étudier les structures en relation avec la fonte de la neige, des observations faites en hiver ont été confrontées avec des coupes creusées en été, après la disparition de la neige. Après dessication de la surface en ètè, les sèdiments des niveaux nivéo‐éoliens déposés sur des surfaces planes ou peu inclinées sont probablement redistribués par le vent. Par contre, les structures de dénivation sont souvent conservées sur la face sous le vent des dunes, sous forme de litage oblique déformé. L'analyse aboutit à la présentation d'un modèle de leur association. La plupart de ces structures ressemblent aux structures de déformation de sables humidifiés mais leur association, comprenant (1) l'effondrement dǔ à une réduction de volume et (2) l'alternance d'unités sédimentaires déformées et non‐déformées, est un critère diagnostique pour des dépǒts éoliens de climat froid.

Suggested Citation

  • J. W. A. Dijkmans, 1990. "Niveo‐aeolian sedimentation and resulting sedimentary structures; søndre strømfjord area, Western Greenland," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 1(2), pages 83-96, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:1:y:1990:i:2:p:83-96
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430010202
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