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Alpine debris flows and their sedimentary properties. A case study from the French Alps

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  • M. E. Nieuwenhuijzen
  • H. van Steijn

Abstract

Debris‐flow tracks are present at many sites within the French Alps. The vertical zonation (mainly between 1700 m and 2800 m altitude) of these medium‐scale debris flows means that they are active within a mild periglacial environment, where the flows are triggered by high‐intensity summer rainstorms. The present paper describes the grain‐size distribution, particle shape and fabric of some recent to fresh (1 day old) flow deposits. It was found that characteristic differences exist between the different parts of the levees and the terminal lobes. An interpretation of these phenomena is given with regard to processes involved in their origin. It is concluded that the coarse openwork external parts of the debris‐flow levees are formed during the passage of the flow surge(s), and that the matrix‐rich, coarsening upward, channel‐side parts of the levees, as well as the terminal lobes, mainly consist of material transported in the waning phases of the surges. The existence of these sedimentologically different zones within thedeposits of a debris flow that are related to flow morphology has consequences for the recognition of debris‐flow sediments within fossilized deposits. A correct interpretation is only possible if sections allow a sufficiently detailed analysis. Des traces de laves torrentielles existent en de nombreux endroits dans les Alpes françaises. La zonation verticale (principalement entre 1700 m et 2800 m d'altitude) de ces traces de taille moyenne signifient qu'elles sont actives dans un environnement périglaciaire humide où les écoulements sont déclenchés par des pluies d'été de forte intensité. Le présent article décrit la granulométrie, la forme des éléments transportés et leur disposition individuelle au sein de quelques dépǒts de lave torrentielle récents ou trés récents (anciennete un jour). II a été découvert que des caractéristiques différentes existent entre les différentes parties des levées et les lobes terminaux. Une interprétation de ces phénomènes est proposée en considerant les processus qui leur ont donné naissance. Les parties externes grossières des levèes des laves torrentielles paraissent formèes pendant le passage de pointes d'écoulement tandis que la partie centrale des levées, riche en matrice fine et plus grossière à la partie supérieure, aussi bien que les lobes terminaux consistent principalement en des matériaux transportés pendant les phases décroissantes des vagues d'écoulement.

Suggested Citation

  • M. E. Nieuwenhuijzen & H. van Steijn, 1990. "Alpine debris flows and their sedimentary properties. A case study from the French Alps," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 1(2), pages 111-128, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:1:y:1990:i:2:p:111-128
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.3430010204
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    Cited by:

    1. Piero Farabollini & Fabrizio Bendia, 2024. "Community-Based Approaches to Debris Flow Hazard Analysis in the Sibillini Mountain Range (Central Apennines, Italy)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-17, January.

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