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A model‐based map of ground temperatures for the permafrost regions of Canada

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  • Kerri Henry
  • Michael Smith

Abstract

A functional model of the permafrost‐climate system is applied at national scale, to produce a map of near‐surface ground temperatures in the permafrost regions of Canada. The TTOP model links the temperature at the top of permafrost (TTOP) to the climate through seasonal surface transfer functions and subsurface thermal properties. The parameters in the model were compiled at national scale for Canada, although the topographic effects of the Western Cordillera were not incorporated into the analysis. The objective of the study was accomplished by implementing the TTOP model within a Geographical Information System. The TTOP map is evaluated against the published Ground Temperature Map of Canada. The published map shows ground temperatures according to a scale of temperature classes, so TTOP values were categorized into the same classes. Across the permafrost regions of Canada, 72.1% of the area is in the same class in both maps, while 27.7% differs by one temperature class. Only 0.2% of the area differs by two temperature classes. The results suggest that the TTOP model can provide a rational and functional basis for relating near‐surface permafrost temperature and climate at national and regional scales. The model could be applied to the assessment of climate change impacts on the magnitude and distribution of permafrost temperatures. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Un modèle fonctionnel du système liant le climat au pergélisol a été appliqué à l'échelle nationale pour produire une carte des températures du sol près de la surface dans les zones de pergélisol du Canada. Le modèle TTOP lie les températures au sommet du pergélisol (TTOP) au climat par des fonctions de transfert saisonnière de surface et des propriétés thermiques sous la surface. Les paramètres du modèle sont rassemblés à l'échelle du Canada, sauf que les effets topographiques de la Cordillère de l'Ouest ne sont pas incorporés dans l'analyse. L'objectif de l'étude a été atteint en insérant le modèle TTOP dans un système d'information géographique. Le modèle TTOP est évalué par comparaison avec la carte publiée de la température du sol du Canada. Comme cette carte donne les températures du sol suivant une échelle de classes de températures, les valeurs TTOP ont été groupées suivant les mêmes classes. Dans les régions de pergélisol du Canada, 72.1 % du territoire sont dans la même classe sur les deux cartes, tandis que 27.7% diffèrent d'une classe de température. Seulement 0.2% du territoire diffèrent de deux classes de température. Les résultats suggèrent que le modèle TTOP peut fournir une base rationnelle et fonctionnelle pour relier la température du pergélisol proche de la surface et le climat à des échelles nationale et régionale. Le modèle peut être utilisé pour estimer les impacts du changement climatique sur la valeur et la distribution des températures du pergélisol. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Kerri Henry & Michael Smith, 2001. "A model‐based map of ground temperatures for the permafrost regions of Canada," Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(4), pages 389-398, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:perpro:v:12:y:2001:i:4:p:389-398
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.399
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