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The Level of Green Development in China and Influencing Factors—A Case Study of the Huai River Ecological Economic Belt

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  • Yu Liu
  • Hongjun Yuan
  • Xin Zhao

Abstract

Environmental issues are significant challenges for China's growth, with green development being crucial. The Huai He River Ecological and Economic Belt (EEB), a vital north–south economic corridor, plays a key role in demonstrating ecological civilization and regional coordinated development, essential for China's eco‐progress. This study uses the super‐SBM‐DEA model to measure the green development efficiency (GDE) of the EEB from 2005 to 2020, introducing innovative input–output indicators like technological innovation, industrial, environmental, and social gains. It analyzes the GDE from multiple angles using the Malmquist index, Moran index, and Durbin model, examining the temporal and spatial evolution and influencing factors of the EEB. Four key findings emerge: (1) The EEB's green development level trends upward, with western urban areas showing superior sustainable growth and environmental efficiency compared with the east. (2) Technological progress is the primary driver for improving the green level in the EEB. (3) The spatial agglomeration of green development levels is increasing. (4) Technological innovation significantly influences the EEB's GDE, while the digital economy level and environmental regulation promote it. Conversely, a single energy structure, urbanization, and foreign investment negatively impact the GDE, whereas economic growth and industrial structure enhancement positively affect the region's GDE but may adversely affect neighboring areas. The study recommends strategies to advance the premium quality evolution of the EEB, tailored to its regional characteristics.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu Liu & Hongjun Yuan & Xin Zhao, 2026. "The Level of Green Development in China and Influencing Factors—A Case Study of the Huai River Ecological Economic Belt," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 50(2), pages 776-796, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:natres:v:50:y:2026:i:2:p:776-796
    DOI: 10.1111/1477-8947.12597
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