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Development Of Karst Water Resources In Turkey With Emphasis On Ground Water

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  • JASMINKO KARANJAC
  • GÜLTEKIN GÜNAY

Abstract

About one third of the area of Turkey is underlain by carbonate rocks that are relatively soluble, and this has produced large areas of karst in the country. The economic implications of karst hydrology in Turkey are immense, considering its effects on water resource development. An ongoing project in Turkey, assisted by the United Nations, is undertaking a comprehensive and interrelated approach to solving hydrogeological problems in a karst polygon region of over 13,000 km2. The area chosen for this project has one of the most complex karst circulation systems, not only in Turkey, but probably in the entire Mediterranean basin. Demand for water in this polygon region is high. The project personnel have applied both the classical methods, such as geological mapping, geophysical research, aerial photo interpretation, drilling, and observation of piezometric boreholes to the problem, as well as more modern techniques such as quantitative fluorometry, processing of remotely sensed data, time bombs and environmental isotopes. Several examples of applied methods and of results obtained are presented. Un tiers environ de la surface de la Turquie recouvre des roches carbonatées relativement solubles où se sont formés des systèmes karstiques très étendus. Les implications économiques de l'hydrologie des karsts en Turquie sont considérables si on considère ses effets sur l'aménagement des ressources en eau. Dans un projet en Turquie, exécuté avec l'assistance des Nations Unies, une approche compréhensive et intégrée est en cours en vue de résoudre des problèmes hydrogéologiques dans un polygone karstique de plus de 13.000 km2. La zone choisie pour ce projet possède l'un des systèmes de circulation karstique les plus complexes qui existent non seulement en Turquie mais probablement dans tout le bassin méditerranéen. Dans ce polygone, la demande d'eau est très élevée. Pour étudier ce problème, le personnel du projet a appliqué deux méthodes classiques comprenant la cartographie géologique, l'exploration géophysique, l'interprétation photoaérienne, les sondages, l'observation des tubes piézométriques et des techniques plus modernes telles que la fluorémetrie quantitative, le traitement des données de la télédétection, les bombes à action retardée et le dosage des isotopes. L'article discute de plusieurs méthodes utilisées et des résultats qui en ont découlé. Cerca de una tercera parte del territorio de Turquía está sobre rocas carbonatadas. Las implicancias económicas de hidrología kárstica en Turquía son immensas si se consideran las posibilidades de desarrollo de sus recursos hidrológicos. En un proyecto en ejecución bajo la asistencia de las Naciones Unidas en Turquía se está haciendo un enfoque integral de la solución de los problemas hidrológicos en una región poligonal kárstica de mas de 13,000 km2. Esta región tiene uno de los sistemas mas complejos de circulación kárstica de no solamente de Turquía sino también probablemente de Mediterraneo. La demanda de agua en este polígono kárstico es muy alta. En el proyecto se está aplicando tanto los métodos geológicos, investigación geofisica, interpretación de fotografia área, perforación, y observación de sondajes piezométricos, asi como también técnicas modernas tales como fluorometría cuantitativa, procesamiento de datos obtenidos por satélite, bombas de acción retardada e isótopos de medio ambiente. Varios ejemplos de los métodos aplicados y de los resultados obtenidos se presentan a este artículo.

Suggested Citation

  • Jasminko Karanjac & Gültekin Günay, 1980. "Development Of Karst Water Resources In Turkey With Emphasis On Ground Water," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 4(1), pages 61-73, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:natres:v:4:y:1980:i:1:p:61-73
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-8947.1980.tb00962.x
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