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Structural break analysis for spectrum and trace of covariance operators

Author

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  • A. Aue
  • G. Rice
  • O. Sönmez

Abstract

This paper deals with analyzing structural breaks in the covariance operator of sequentially observed functional data. For this purpose, procedures are developed to segment an observed stretch of curves into periods for which second‐order stationarity may be reasonably assumed. The proposed methods are based on measuring the fluctuations of sample eigenvalues, either individually or jointly, and traces of the sample covariance operator computed from segments of the data. To implement the tests, new limit results are introduced that deal with the large‐sample behavior of vector‐valued processes built from partial sample eigenvalue estimates. These results in turn enable the calibration of the tests to a prescribed asymptotic level. Applications to Australian annual minimum temperature curves and sea surface temperature anomaly records confirm that the proposed methods work well in finite samples. The first application suggests that the variation in annual minimum temperature underwent a structural break in the 1950s, after which typical fluctuations from the generally increasing trend started to be significantly smaller.

Suggested Citation

  • A. Aue & G. Rice & O. Sönmez, 2020. "Structural break analysis for spectrum and trace of covariance operators," Environmetrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(1), February.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:envmet:v:31:y:2020:i:1:n:e2617
    DOI: 10.1002/env.2617
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    Cited by:

    1. Horváth, Lajos & Rice, Gregory & Zhao, Yuqian, 2022. "Change point analysis of covariance functions: A weighted cumulative sum approach," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    2. Holger Dette & Kevin Kokot, 2022. "Detecting relevant differences in the covariance operators of functional time series: a sup-norm approach," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 74(2), pages 195-231, April.
    3. Trevor Harris & Bo Li & J. Derek Tucker, 2022. "Scalable multiple changepoint detection for functional data sequences," Environmetrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(2), March.
    4. Holger Dette & Kevin Kokot & Stanislav Volgushev, 2020. "Testing relevant hypotheses in functional time series via self‐normalization," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 82(3), pages 629-660, July.
    5. James Cameron & Pramita Bagchi, 2022. "A test for heteroscedasticity in functional linear models," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 31(2), pages 519-542, June.

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