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Problems and Challenges in Implementing Social Safety Net Programs: The Case of the Old Age Allowance Program in Bangladesh

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  • Gaylan Peyari Tarannum Dana

Abstract

The government of Bangladesh has implemented a range of Social Safety Net Programs (SSNPs) aimed at alleviating poverty and improving the well‐being of vulnerable groups, including older adults, persons with disabilities, widows, and destitute women. This study focuses on identifying the key problems and challenges associated with the effective implementation of the Old Age Allowance Program (OAAP) in Bangladesh. By integrating empirical analysis with relevant theoretical frameworks, the research provides a comprehensive assessment of the country's policy implementation processes. This study employed a phenomenological approach, using qualitative data to explore the barriers and challenges faced by implementers in executing the program. The results indicate that bureaucracy, political interference, and ineffective public administration are key barriers to policy implementation in Bangladesh. Specifically, the implementation of the OAAP was hindered by bureaucratic leadership, inadequate budgeting, poor coordination, a lack of accountability, and a failure to integrate planning. This study has theorized policy implementation and proposed a theoretical framework tailored to developing countries, aiming to support future research and foster deeper engagement with mainstream policy studies. 孟加拉国政府实施了一系列社会安全网项目(SSNP), 旨在缓解贫困并改善老年人、残疾人、寡妇及赤贫女性等弱势群体的福祉。本研究重点探讨了孟加拉国老年津贴项目(OAAP)在有效实施过程中面临的主要问题与挑战。通过结合实证分析与相关理论框架, 本研究对该国的政策实施过程进行了全面评估。研究采用现象学方法, 利用定性数据探讨了项目执行人员在落实该项目时所面临的障碍与挑战。结果表明, 官僚主义、政治干预以及低效的公共行政管理是孟加拉国政策实施的主要障碍。具体而言, 老年津贴项目的实施受到官僚式领导、预算不足、协调不力、问责缺失以及缺乏统筹规划等因素的制约。本研究对政策实施进行了理论探讨, 并提出了一个专为发展中国家量身定制的理论框架, 旨在为未来研究提供支持, 并促进与主流政策研究领域的深入对话。 El gobierno de Bangladesh ha implementado diversos Programas de Red de Seguridad Social (PSSS) destinados a aliviar la pobreza y mejorar el bienestar de los grupos vulnerables, incluyendo adultos mayores, personas con discapacidad, viudas y mujeres indigentes. Este estudio se centra en identificar los principales problemas y desafíos asociados con la implementación efectiva del Programa de Subsidio para la Tercera Edad en Bangladesh. Mediante la integración del análisis empírico con marcos teóricos relevantes, la investigación proporciona una evaluación integral de los procesos de implementación de políticas del país. Este estudio empleo un enfoque fenomenológico, utilizando datos cualitativos para explorar las barreras y los desafíos que enfrentan los implementadores en la ejecución del programa. Los resultados indican que la burocracia, la interferencia política y la administración pública ineficaz son barreras clave para la implementación de políticas en Bangladesh. Específicamente, la implementación del Programa de Subsidio para la Tercera Edad se vio obstaculizada por el liderazgo burocrático, la presupuestación inadecuada, la mala coordinación, la falta de rendición de cuentas y la falta de integración de la planificación. Este estudio ha teorizado la implementación de políticas y propuesto un marco teórico adaptado a los países en desarrollo, con el objetivo de apoyar futuras investigaciones y fomentar una mayor participación en los estudios de políticas convencionales.

Suggested Citation

  • Gaylan Peyari Tarannum Dana, 2026. "Problems and Challenges in Implementing Social Safety Net Programs: The Case of the Old Age Allowance Program in Bangladesh," Journal of Elder Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(1), June.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:eldpol:v:5:y:2026:i:1:n:e70012
    DOI: 10.1002/jey2.70012
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