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A comprehensive hypothesis testing approach to dollar unit sampling

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  • LOWELL DWORIN
  • RICHARD A. GRIMLUND

Abstract

. In conventional dollar unit sampling (DUS) the “alpha†risk of erroneously rejecting an acceptable accounting population generally can be held to reasonable levels by working with a sufficiently large audit sample. Kaplan (1975) has discussed how such a DUS sample size may be chosen when controlling both the alpha and beta risk. However, as illustrated in this paper, neither Kaplan's procedure nor other previously developed DUS procedures provide a workable method that effectively controls for both the alpha and beta risk with small sample sizes or with accounting populations that have comparable understatement and overstatement errors. This paper presents a hypothesis†testing approach to DUS that provides a solution to this problem. “Power curves†based on a large number of simulation studies of the new approach are presented in order to illustrate the reliability of the approach. Comparisons are also made with the corresponding power curves for two Stringer†based confidence bound methods of DUS. In these comparisons, the new hypothesis†testing approach to DUS appears to provide more favorable audit performance with smaller sample sizes than do the conventional DUS methods, although the primary advantage of the approach lies in its ability to control for both effectiveness (beta risk) and efficiency (alpha risk). Résumé. Dans les méthodes traditionnelles de sondage des unités monétaires (SUM), le risque «alpha», soit le risque de rejeter à tort une population comptable acceptable, peut en général être maintenu à des niveaux raisonnables si l'on travaille avec un échantillon de vérification suffisamment grand. Kaplan (1975) a traité de la façon de choisir une taille d'échantillon suffisamment grande aux fins du SUM dans les cas où l'on contrôle à la fois le risque alpha et le risque bêta. Toutefois, comme le démontrent les auteurs, ni la méthode de Kaplan ni les autres méthodes de SUM mises au point précédemment n'offrent de technique simple permettant de contrôler efficacement le risque alpha en même temps que le risque bêta avec de petites tailles d'échantillon ou des populations comptables présentant des erreurs de sous†estimation et de surestimation comparables. Les auteurs suggèrent une méthode de test d'hypothèse, relativement au SUM, qui résout ce problème. Ils présentent des «courbes de puissance», fondées sur un grand nombre de cas de simulation de la nouvelle méthode, dans le but d'en illustrer la fiabilité. Ils établissent également des comparaisons avec les courbes de puissance correspondantes pour deux méthodes de limite de confiance du SUM, fondées sur les travaux de Stringer. Dans ces comparaisons, les nouvelles méthodes de test d'hypothèse en ce qui a trait au SUM semblent offrir un meilleur rendement de vérification lorsque les tailles d'échantillon sont petites que les méthodes traditionnelles de SUM, bien que l'avantage primordial de la méthode réside dans le fait qu'elle permet de contrôler à la fois l'efficacité (risque bêta) et l'efficience (risque alpha).

Suggested Citation

  • Lowell Dworin & Richard A. Grimlund, 1989. "A comprehensive hypothesis testing approach to dollar unit sampling," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(2), pages 674-691, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:5:y:1989:i:2:p:674-691
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1911-3846.1989.tb00733.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Duke, Gl & Neter, J & Leitch, Ra, 1982. "Power Characteristics Of Test Statistics In The Auditing Environment - An Empirical-Study," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 20(1), pages 42-67.
    2. Smieliauskas, W, 1986. "A Simulation Analysis Of The Power Characteristics Of Some Popular Estimators Under Different Risk And Materiality Levels," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(1), pages 217-230.
    3. Kaplan, Rs, 1975. "Sample-Size Computations For Dollar-Unit Sampling," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13, pages 126-133.
    4. Wally Smieliauskas, 1986. "Control of sampling risks in auditing," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 3(1), pages 102-124, September.
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