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Horizon‐Induced Optimism as a Gateway to Earnings Management

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  • H. Scott Asay

Abstract

Recent work in accounting suggests that managerial optimism can lead managers to escalate income‐increasing earnings management. In this paper, I examine how a fundamental attribute of the earnings management setting—the amount of time between the earnings management decision and the future reversal—serves as one potential source of managerial optimism. I conduct two experiments to test whether the amount of time between the earnings management decision and the future reversal systematically induces optimism that increases participants’ propensity to engage in behavior that is analogous to accruals‐based earnings management and to real earnings management, holding constant incentives, agency frictions, and the information environment. My results indicate that, independent of their innate optimism, the time between the earnings management decision and the future reversal likely encourages managers to overestimate their ability to compensate for current‐period earnings management through strong future performance. This optimism, in turn, likely increases managers’ propensity to engage in both forms of earnings management. Les travaux récents en comptabilité laissent croire que l'optimisme des gestionnaires peut les amener à intensifier la gestion du résultat à la hausse. L'auteur se demande en quoi une caractéristique fondamentale du contexte de la gestion du résultat — soit le temps écoulé entre la décision de gestion du résultat et la résorption ultérieure des conséquences de cette décision — serait une source potentielle d'optimisme des dirigeants. L'auteur procède à deux expériences destinées à vérifier si le temps écoulé entre la décision de gestion du résultat et la résorption ultérieure induit systématiquement un optimisme qui accroît la propension des participants à adopter un comportement apparenté à celui de la gestion du résultat fondée sur les régularisations et de la gestion du résultat réel, lorsque sont maintenus constants les incitatifs, les frictions associées à la délégation et l'environnement informationnel. Les résultats de l'analyse indiquent que, peu importe l'optimisme inné des gestionnaires, le temps écoulé entre la décision de gestion du résultat et la résorption ultérieure est susceptible de les inciter à surestimer leur capacité de compenser la gestion du résultat de l'exercice courant grâce à une solide performance future, optimisme qui risque, à son tour, d'accroître leur propension à se livrer aux deux formes de gestion du résultat.

Suggested Citation

  • H. Scott Asay, 2018. "Horizon‐Induced Optimism as a Gateway to Earnings Management," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 35(1), pages 7-30, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:35:y:2018:i:1:p:7-30
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12388
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    Cited by:

    1. Qian Sai & Yanxi Li & Yanwen Liu & Heng Zhao & Shanshan Ouyang, 2024. "Audit report information improvement and earnings management," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(1), pages 425-442, January.

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