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Is Real Earnings Smoothing Harmful? Evidence from Firm‐Specific Stock Price Crash Risk

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  • Inder K. Khurana
  • Raynolde Pereira
  • Eliza (Xia) Zhang

Abstract

This study examines whether and when real earnings smoothing influences firm‐specific stock price crash risk. Using a sample of U.S. public firms for the years 1993 through 2014, we find real earnings smoothing to be positively associated with firm‐specific stock price crash risk. This finding is consistent with the view that real earnings smoothing helps managers withhold bad news, keep poor‐performing projects, conceal resource diversion, and engage in ineffective risk management, which increases crash risk. Further, we find a stronger relation between crash risk and real earnings smoothing when firm uncertainty is higher, product market competition is lower, and balance sheet constraint is higher. Overall, our study suggests that real earnings smoothing destroys shareholder value in that it increases stock price crash risk. Les auteurs se demandent si le lissage réel des résultats influe sur le risque d'effondrement du cours des actions propre à l'entreprise et, le cas échéant, dans quelles circonstances. En analysant un échantillon de sociétés des États‐Unis faisant appel public à l’épargne couvrant les années 1993 à 2014, ils constatent que le lissage réel des résultats est en relation positive avec le risque d'effondrement du cours des actions propre à l'entreprise. Cette constatation accrédite l'idée selon laquelle le lissage réel des résultats aide les gestionnaires à retenir les mauvaises nouvelles, à maintenir des projets affichant une piètre performance, à dissimuler le détournement de ressources et à appliquer des mesures de gestion du risque inefficaces, ce qui accroît le risque d'effondrement. Les auteurs observent au surplus une relation plus forte entre le risque d'effondrement et le lissage réel des résultats lorsque l'incertitude liée à l'entreprise est plus élevée, que la concurrence sur le marché du produit est plus faible et que les contraintes liées au bilan sont plus importantes. Dans l'ensemble, l’étude semble indiquer que le lissage réel des résultats altère la valeur pour les actionnaires du fait qu'elle accroît le risque d'effondrement du cours de l'action.

Suggested Citation

  • Inder K. Khurana & Raynolde Pereira & Eliza (Xia) Zhang, 2018. "Is Real Earnings Smoothing Harmful? Evidence from Firm‐Specific Stock Price Crash Risk," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 35(1), pages 558-587, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:35:y:2018:i:1:p:558-587
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12353
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