Author
Abstract
How efficiently are workers, investment capital, and production distributed across firms in Canada? And how have they varied over time, across regions, and between sectors? To answer these questions, we present novel measures of the degree of resource misallocation over time and space using uniquely detailed firm‐level data (T2‐LEAP) between 2001 and 2015. We find the dispersion of marginal returns to both capital and labour across firms have increased significantly during this period, suggesting allocative efficiency is deteriorating. Using a rich but tractable multi‐sector model of heterogeneous firms, we find that had the misallocation of labour and capital not worsened over our period of analysis, aggregate Canadian productivity would be significantly higher. Worsening allocations between sectors alone accounts for approximately half of the widening productivity gap between Canada and the United States over this period. L'effet sur la productivité globale des distorsions des marchés du travail et des capitaux au Canada. Quelle est l'efficacité de la répartition des travailleurs, du capital d'investissement et de la production entre les entreprises au Canada? Comment a‐t‐elle varié dans le temps, d'une région à l'autre et d'un secteur à l'autre? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous présentons de nouvelles mesures du degré de mauvaise répartition des ressources dans le temps et l'espace en utilisant des microdonnées d'entreprises (PALET2) entre 2001 et 2015. Nous constatons que la dispersion des rendements marginaux du capital et du travail entre les entreprises a augmenté de manière notable au cours de cette période, ce qui suggère une détérioration de l'efficacité de la répartition. À l'aide d'un modèle multisectoriel d'entreprises hétérogènes, à la fois riche et facile à manipuler, nous constatons que, si la mauvaise répartition du travail et du capital ne s'était pas aggravée au cours de notre période d'analyse, la productivité globale du Canada aurait été nettement plus élevée. La détérioration de la répartition entre les secteurs explique à elle seule environ la moitié du creusement de l'écart de productivité entre le Canada et les États‐Unis au cours de cette période.
Suggested Citation
Yu Chen & Trevor Tombe, 2026.
"Aggregate productivity effect of labour and capital market distortions in Canada,"
Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 59(1), pages 42-66, February.
Handle:
RePEc:wly:canjec:v:59:y:2026:i:1:p:42-66
DOI: 10.1111/caje.70047
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