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Contribution to a public good with altruistic preferences

Author

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  • Anwesha Banerjee

Abstract

This paper presents a model of private provision of a public good where individuals have altruistic preferences and care about the private and public good consumption of the other members of their group. I compare the Nash level of the public good to the benchmark level of provision by a social planner who aggregates the preferences of group members. I find that income inequality can cause overprovision of the public good as compared to the planner's benchmark. To understand overprovision, I examine a second model where, in addition to contributing to the public good, members can give private transfers of income to other members they care about. The Nash equilibrium of the model with transfers is found to be closely connected to the equilibrium of the model without transfers. Overprovision can occur in the model without transfers because the richer individuals contribute to the public good as a way to improve the welfare of the poor (noncontributors to the public good) in the absence of private transfers. These results indicate that public goods cannot substitute the role of income transfers to the poor, even when individuals are altruistic, if there is extreme income inequality. Contribution à un bien public avec des préférences altruistes. Cet article présente un modèle de fourniture privée d'un bien public où des personnes ont des préférences altruistes et se soucient de la consommation de biens privés et publics des autres membres de leur groupe. Je compare le niveau de bien public atteint dans un équilibre de Nash à un niveau de référence établi par un planificateur social qui agrège les préférences des membres du groupe. Je constate que les inégalités de revenus peuvent entraîner une surabondance du bien public par rapport au niveau de référence du planificateur. Pour mieux comprendre cette surabondance, j'examine un second modèle où les membres peuvent effectuer des transferts de revenus privés à d'autres membres qu'ils apprécient, en plus de contribuer au bien public. L'équilibre de Nash du modèle avec transferts est étroitement lié à celui du modèle sans transferts. La surabondance peut se produire dans le modèle sans transfert, car les personnes les plus riches contribuent au bien public dans le but d'améliorer le bien‐être des plus pauvres (qui ne contribuent pas au bien public) en l'absence de transferts privés. Ces résultats indiquent qu'en cas d'inégalités extrêmes de revenus, les biens publics ne peuvent pas remplacer parfaitement les transferts de revenus vers les plus pauvres.

Suggested Citation

  • Anwesha Banerjee, 2025. "Contribution to a public good with altruistic preferences," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 58(3), pages 1092-1122, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:58:y:2025:i:3:p:1092-1122
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.70011
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