Job insecurity and employee anxiety as predictors of compulsory citizenship behaviour: Psychological resilience as a mediator

The global business environment has recently faced disruptions, namely the COVID-19 lockdown and artificial intelligence. Sometimes, organisations leverage these disruptions to stoke uncertainty and demand more from their employees. This paper investigated the role of job insecurity and employee anxiety as antecedents of compulsory citizenship behaviour and the role of psychological resilience as a mediator in the face of these disruptions. We adopted a convenience sample approach, collecting data from 380 respondents who were employees in the hotel sector in Turkey. Analyses were performed using structural equation modelling on SPSS AMOS. The findings show that job insecurity and employee anxiety have a negative relationship with psychological resilience and compulsory citizenship behaviour. In contrast, psychological resilience has a positive association with compulsory citizenship behaviour. We also found that psychological resilience mediates the relationships between job insecurity, employee anxiety, and compulsory citizenship behaviour. The results have both theoretical and practical implications. They suggest that organisations should not leverage on uncertainties and disruptions that might trigger feelings of job insecurity or anxiety to stoke compulsory citizenship behaviour, since this could be counterproductive.