Water-Using Field's Investment Supplying Under The Conditions Of Institution Transformations' Deepening: Modern Practice, Priorities And Methods

Investment supplying of water-using field is seen as a deliberately created set of institutionalized methods, forms and sources of investment restoration and protection of water resources, modernization, reconstruction and modernization of water management infrastructure facilities, prevention of harmful effects of water. Principles of diversification of sources of water-using field's investment supplying are determined: the principle of sustainable use of water, which suggests that the existing standards and management standards in economic exchange of fresh water are to be followed; the principle of preserving the integrity of water systems in the event of a permanent and temporary use of engineering infrastructure, drinking water sources, production and technical and domestic water supply; the principle of partnerships between the state (communities) who own water supply and water bodies, and subjects of industrial, commercial and financial; the principle of removing contradictions between development priorities of water management infrastructure and modernization of traditional management of water resources and changes in the institutional environment, land use, taking into account the principle of institutional change in agricultural production in the area of large-scale reclamation; the principle of integrated management of natural resources. The investigations have shown that the most characteristic features of investment supplying of expanded reproduction of drainage systems in the area of irrigation are: limited funding by regional budgets, underevaluated limits of public funding of the cost of electricity for water supply; insufficient investment supplying of development technical and technological base of drip irrigation; the vast majority of farm irrigation systems has not got an effective owner; belated prohibition introduction of drainage systems and water supply's write-off; a high level of wear of engineering infrastructure of irrigation systems; low investment for buying irrigation equipment. Problems of investment supplying in the drainage area for modernization and reconstruction drainage systems are as follows: sharing of land between the former members of collective farms and state farms deprived farms of unitary owner; owners of farm reclamation facilities are unable to obtain credit on reasonable terms; the lack of additional funds for financing the reconstruction and modernization as inter-farm and farm drainage systems, so natural renaturalization drained areas in selected regions is unregulated in nature, leading to inability to maintenance high-performance agricultural production; the main thrust of the general fund of the State Budget of Ukraine is to perform routine repairs of hydraulic structures; the state remains a major investor of inter-farm and farm waterworks in the area of drainage that cannot fully ensure their comprehensive modernization and thereby intensify agricultural production in these areas. Based on the analysis of the main trends in the investment supplying of water-using field, it was found that during the period from 1996 to 2012 in the dynamics of capital investment in clean wastewaters at current prices except for certain periods there was an upward trend. However, the real increase has occurred, as evidenced by the dynamics of this index over the same period, but at comparable prices. Moreover, in 2012 compared with 1996, there was a significant reduction in capital investment in constant prices (142 mln. USD) compared to 2008 (59 mln. USD). We can't observe established trends in increasing of the volume of capital investments in the protection and rehabilitation of soil, groundwater and surface water. Despite the fact that in 2008 compared to 2006, this figure increased to 532 million, in subsequent periods we observed its intense reduction. The presence of institutional constraints (the prevalence of state and municipal ownership of water management and water bodies) does not allow the order to increase the volume of foreign direct and portfolio investment, and bank lending enhance recovery potential of irrigation and drainage systems, reconstruction of water supply and sewerage facilities, the introduction of circulating water systems in industrial, environmental re-engineering of natural and artificial water bodies, using of which a long time hadn't met meet current environmental, industrial and technical regulations. Under these conditions, the main methods of increasing of the volume of investment supplying of water using field are to be as following: the institutionalization of new rules, regulations and standards for water management and water protection activities; commercialization of water management and ecosystem services; corporatization of public water management companies and individual sides of the cost of water management organizations; securitization of assets as those owned by the state and those that are due to the crisis of the 90th became derelict, or moved to a private owner, or are on the balance of local councils; diversification of investment security.