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Mandated versus Voluntary Adaptation to Natural Disasters: The Case of US Wildfires

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  • Patrick Baylis
  • Judson Boomhower

Abstract

Despite escalating losses in climate-related disasters, adoption of protective technologies and behaviors is limited by risk misperception, externalities, and insurance market frictions. One response to these market failures is to mandate these investments. We measure the effect of California’s wildfire building codes on own and neighboring structure survival using comprehensive data on US homes exposed to wildfires since 2000. Differences across jurisdictions and vintages reveal remarkable resilience effects of building codes. Codes also increase survival of neighboring homes by reducing structure-to-structure spread. We then develop and estimate a model of social benefits of mandatory building standards versus other adaptation policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Baylis & Judson Boomhower, 2026. "Mandated versus Voluntary Adaptation to Natural Disasters: The Case of US Wildfires," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 134(3), pages 895-948.
  • Handle: RePEc:ucp:jpolec:doi:10.1086/739331
    DOI: 10.1086/739331
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    Cited by:

    1. Liao, Yanjun (Penny) & Whitlock, Zach & Kaiser, Brooks & Sølvsten, Simon, 2026. "Co-Managing Natural Catastrophic Risks by the Insurance Industry and Government," RFF Working Paper Series 26-06, Resources for the Future.

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