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How Costly Are Markups?

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  • Chris Edmond
  • Virgiliu Midrigan
  • Daniel Yi Xu

Abstract

We study the welfare costs of markups in a dynamic model with heterogeneous firms and endogenous markups. We provide aggregation results summarizing the macro implications of micro-level markup heterogeneity. We calibrate our model to US Census of Manufactures data and find that the costs of markups can be large. We decompose the costs into three channels: an aggregate markup that acts like a uniform output tax, misallocation of factors of production, and inefficient entry. We find that the aggregate-markup and misallocation channels account for most of the costs of markups and that the entry channel is much less important.

Suggested Citation

  • Chris Edmond & Virgiliu Midrigan & Daniel Yi Xu, 2023. "How Costly Are Markups?," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 131(7), pages 1619-1675.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:jpolec:doi:10.1086/722986
    DOI: 10.1086/722986
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    Cited by:

    1. Berlingieri, Giuseppe & Blanchenay, Patrick & Criscuolo, Chiara, 2024. "The great divergence(s)," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(3).
    2. Qazi Haque & Oscar Pavlov & Mark Weder, 2024. "Superstar Firms and Aggregate Fluctuations," School of Economics and Public Policy Working Papers 2024-01 Classification-E3, University of Adelaide, School of Economics and Public Policy.
    3. Mertens, Matthias & Mottironi, Bernardo, 2023. "Do larger firms exert more market power? Markups and markdowns along the size distribution," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 121283, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    4. Thomas Hasenzagl & Luis Perez, 2023. "The Micro-Aggregated Profit Share," Papers 2309.12945, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2023.

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