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La ventana de difusión en la inteligencia artificial: dinámica global y perspectivas para Europa
[The diffusion window in artificial intelligence: global dynamics and prospects for Europe]

Author

Listed:
  • Federico Pablo-Martí

    (Complex Systems in Social Sciences Group (SCCS), University of Alcalá)

  • Jagoda Kaszowska-Mojsa

    (Institute of Economic Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences. INET Oxford, University of Oxford)

  • Juan Luis Santos

    (Complex Systems in Social Sciences Group (SCCS), University of Alcalá. Institute of Economic Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences)

Abstract

En los últimos años, la “ventana de difusión” entre el lanzamiento de modelos avanzados de inteligencia artificial privados y el acceso público a alternativas abiertas se ha acortado notablemente. Ejemplos como GPT-3 y BLOOM o, más recientemente, LLaMA-4 y GPT-4.1, ilustran esta aceleración impulsada por la reducción de costes computacionales, el auge de comunidades abiertas y decisiones estratégicas empresariales. Europa lidera en modelos abiertos, aunque depende de hardware avanzado. El AI Act europeo puede favorecer transparencia y seguridad, permitiendo a la región consolidar un modelo de autonomía estratégica abierta y definir su futuro digital.

Suggested Citation

  • Federico Pablo-Martí & Jagoda Kaszowska-Mojsa & Juan Luis Santos, 2025. "La ventana de difusión en la inteligencia artificial: dinámica global y perspectivas para Europa [The diffusion window in artificial intelligence: global dynamics and prospects for Europe]," Papeles de Europa, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Instituto Complutense de Estudios Internacionales (ICEI), vol. 38, pages 105097-1050.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucm:padeur:v:38:y:2025:p:e105097
    DOI: 10.5209/pade.105097
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    JEL classification:

    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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