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Induced Innovation and International Environmental Agreements: Evidence from the Ozone Regime

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  • Eugenie Dugoua

    (London School of Economics)

Abstract

This paper revisits one of the rare success stories in global environmental cooperation: the Montreal Protocol and the phase-out of ozone-depleting substances. I show that the protocol increased science and innovation on alternatives to ozone-depleting substances and argue that agreements can indeed be useful in solving global public goods problems. This contrasts with game-theoretical predictions that agreements occur only when costs to the players are low and with the often-heard narrative that substitutes were readily available. I reconcile theory and empirics by discussing the role of induced innovation in models of environmental agreements.

Suggested Citation

  • Eugenie Dugoua, 2025. "Induced Innovation and International Environmental Agreements: Evidence from the Ozone Regime," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 107(6), pages 1620-1637, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:tpr:restat:v:107:y:2025:i:6:p:1620-1637
    DOI: 10.1162/rest_a_01398
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    Cited by:

    1. Henrekson, Magnus & Sandström, Christian & Stenkula, Mikael, 2026. "Green deals in the EU: Lessons for the United Kingdom," IEA Discussion Papers 148, Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA).
    2. Magnus Henrekson & Christian Sandström & Mikael Stenkula, 2026. "The Pitfalls of Green Deals: Introduction and Synthesis," International Studies in Entrepreneurship, in: Magnus Henrekson & Christian Sandström & Mikael Stenkula (ed.), A Green Entrepreneurial State?, pages 3-32, Springer.

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