Challenges and opportunities in implementing green economy indicators in Uzbekistan’s industrial sector under the fourth industrial revolution

This study explores the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing green economy indicatorsin Uzbekistan’s industrial sector amidst the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0). Uzbekistan is undertaking paralleltransformations digital modernization and transitioning to a green economy aiming to achieve ambitious national targets,including significant reductions in energy intensity and greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. Using qualitative analysisof policy documents, industrial case studies, and international best practices, the research identifies key barriers suchas outdated infrastructure, insufficient digital readiness, institutional and regulatory weaknesses, high investmentrequirements, and skills shortages. Nevertheless, substantial opportunities exist, including leveraging digital technologieslike IoT, AI, automation, and big data analytics to significantly enhance energy efficiency, resource productivity, andenvironmental performance across industrial sectors such as oil and gas, metallurgy, and chemicals. Recommendationsinclude strengthening institutional coordination, developing tailored regulatory incentives, scaling Industry 4.0 pilot projects,building human capital, and securing innovative financing. The analysis underscores that integrating digitalization andgreen industrial strategies can generate substantial economic, environmental, and social benefits, positioning Uzbekistanas a regional exemplar in sustainable industrial growth.