Effect of preheating temperature and magnetic field on combustion characteristics of palm oil biodiesel droplet

The use of fossil fuels in Indonesia poses a significant challenge due to limited availability and high consumption rates. Biodiesel emerges as a promising alternative, derived from renewable raw materials and produced through a relatively straightforward process. Vegetable oils, such as castor oil, sunflower oil, pongamia oil, and notably, palm oil, take center stage in Indonesia as a leading producer of palm oil globally. Despite the substantial potential of biodiesel in reducing dependence on fossil fuels, research reveals some drawbacks, such as higher viscosity compared to fossil diesel. To address this challenge, the study focuses on the impact of varying temperatures of palm oil-based biodiesel with the addition of a magnetic field on the combustion characteristics of droplets. The findings indicate that with the addition of a magnetic field at different temperatures 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C, there is a decrease in burning time, ignition delay time, and flame height, while the flame temperature experiences an increase. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of biodiesel combustion characteristics, offering insights into potential improvements in efficiency and sustainability for future biodiesel utilization. As a sustainable alternative, biodiesel from palm oil in Indonesia can serve as a positive step towards increased energy self-sufficiency and environmental impact reduction. Thus, this study provides a foundation for further exploration in optimizing biodiesel utilization as an environmentally friendly energy solution.